In the interest of Class 9 students, ICSE has made the Class 9 Geography syllabus available. Class 9 Geography syllabus helps students to get acquainted with the topics and exam pattern to be followed during the academic year. Furthermore, it provides a clear understanding of the marking scheme and question paper pattern. Here, we have provided the ICSE Class 9 Geography Syllabus, along with the topics for the Internal assessment and marking scheme.
Students can also download the 9th ICSE Geography Syllabus pdf from the link below.
Download ICSE Class 9 Revised Geography Syllabus PDF 2020-21
ICSE Class 9 Geography Syllabus – Principles of Geography
1. Our World
(i) Geographic grid – Latitudes & Longitudes
(a) Concept of latitudes: main latitudes, their location with degrees, parallels of latitude and their uses.
(b) Concept of longitudes – Prime Meridian, time (local, standard and time zones, Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) and
International Date Line (IDL). Eastern and Western hemisphere.
(ii) Rotation and Revolution
Rotation – direction, speed and its effects (occurrence of day and night, the sun rising in the east and setting in the west, Coriolis effect) Revolution of the earth and its inclined axis – effects: the variation in the length of the day and night and seasonal changes with Equinoxes and Solstices.
2. Structure of the Earth
(i) Earth’s Structure Core, mantle, crust – meaning, extent and their composition.
(ii) Rocks – difference between minerals and rocks, types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic, their characteristics and formation.
(iii)Volcanoes – Meaning, Types – active, dormant and extinct. Effects – constructive and destructive. Important volcanic zones of the world.
(iv) Earthquakes – Meaning, causes and measurement. Effects: destructive and constructive. Earthquake zones of the World
(v) Weathering – Meaning, types and effects of weathering. Types: Physical Weathering – block and granular disintegration, exfoliation;
Chemical weathering – oxidation, carbonation, hydration and solution;
Biological Weathering – caused by humans, plants and animals.
3. Hydrosphere
Meaning of hydrosphere.
Tides – formation and pattern.
Ocean Currents – their effects (specifically of Gulf Stream, North Atlantic Drift, Labrador Current, Kuro Shio and Oya Shio.)
4. Atmosphere
(i) Composition and structure of the atmosphere. Troposphere, Stratosphere, Ionosphere and Exosphere; Ozone in the Stratosphere, its depletion. Global warming and its impact.
(ii) Insolation
• Meaning of insolation and terrestrial radiation.
• Factors affecting temperature: latitude, altitude, distance from the sea, slope of land, winds and ocean currents.
(iii)Atmospheric Pressure and Winds.
• Meaning and factors that affect atmospheric pressure.
• Major pressure belts of the world.
• Factors affecting direction and velocity of wind – pressure gradient, Coriolis Effect.
• Permanent winds – Trades, Westerlies and Polar Easterlies.
• Periodic winds – Land and Sea breezes, Monsoons.
• Local winds – Loo, Chinook, Foehn and Mistral.
• Variable winds – Cyclones and Anticyclones.
(iv) Humidity
• Humidity – meaning.
• Precipitation – forms (rain, snow, and hail).
• Types of rainfall – relief/orographic, convectional, cyclonic/ frontal with examples from the different parts of the world.
5. Pollution
(a) Types – air, water (fresh and marine), soil, radiation and noise.
(b) Sources:
• Noise: Traffic, factories, construction sites, loudspeakers, airports.
• Air: vehicular, industrial, burning of garbage.
Water: domestic and industrial waste.
• Soil: chemical fertilizers, bio medical waste and pesticides.
• Radiation: X- rays; radioactive fallout from nuclear plants.
(c) Effects – on the environment and human health.
(d) Preventive Measures – Carpools, promotion of public transport, no smoking zone, restricted use of fossil fuels,
saving energy and encouragement of organic farming.
6. Natural Regions of the World
Location, area, climate, natural vegetation and human adaptation.
Equatorial region, Tropical Deserts, Tropical Monsoon.
7. Map Work
On an outline map of the World, candidates will be required to locate, mark and name the following:
1. The major Natural Regions of the world – Equatorial, Tropical Monsoon, Tropical Deserts.
2. The Oceans, Seas, Gulfs and Straits – all Major Oceans, Caribbean Sea, North Sea, Black Sea, Caspian Sea, South China Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Gulf of Carpentaria, Hudson Bay, Persian Gulf, Gulf of Mexico, Gulf of Guinea, Bering Strait, Strait of Gibraltar, Strait of Malacca.
3. Rivers – Mississippi, Colorado, Amazon, Paraguay, Nile, Zaire, Niger, Zambezi, Orange, Rhine, Volga, Danube, Murray, Darling, Hwang Ho, Yangtse Kiang, Ob, Indus, Ganga, Mekong, Irrawaddy, Tigris, Euphrates.
4. Mountains – Rockies, Andes, Appalachian, Alps, Himalayas, Pyrenees, Scandinavian Highlands, Caucasus, Atlas, Drakensburg, Khinghan, Zagros, Urals, Great Dividing Range.
5. Plateaus – Canadian Shield, Tibetan Plateau, Brazilian Highlands, Patagonian Plateau, Iranian Plateau, Mongolian Plateau.
ICSE Class 9 Geography Internal Assessment – Practical Work/Project Work
1. A record file having any three of the following exercises will be maintained. (The file will be evaluated out of 10 marks).
(a) Uses of important types of maps.
(b) Directions and how to identify them – an illustrative diagram.
(c) Reading and using statement of scale, graphic scale and scale shown by representative fraction method. (No drawing work, only explaining their meanings).
(d) Reading of one town guide map or an atlas map. (Recognising the symbols and colours used, identifying directions and distances).
(e) Drawing and recognising forms of important contours viz. valleys, ridges, types of slopes, conical hill, plateau, escarpment and sea cliff.
(f) Drawing at least one sketch map to organize information about visiting an important place, a zoo or a monument.
2. Candidates will be required to prepare a project report on any one topic. The topics for assignments may be selected from the list of suggested assignments given below. Candidates can also take up an assignment of their choice under any of the four broad areas given below.
(The project will be evaluated out of 10 marks).
Suggested list of Assignments:
(a) Weather records: Maintaining and interpreting weather records as found in the newspaper for at least one season.
(b) Collection of data from secondary sources: {Using Modern techniques i.e., Global Positioning System (GPS), Remote Sensing, Aerial Photography and Satellite imageries}: Preparing a Power Point presentation on current issues like – use of earth resources/development activities/dangers of development and ecological disasters like droughts, earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, landslides cyclones and tornadoes in the world.
(c) Physical Features: Collection of data from primary and secondary sources or taking photographs and preparing notional sketches of features found in the vicinity or areas visited during the year as a part of school activity.
(d) Find out the sources of pollution of water bodies in the locality and determine the quality of water.
(e) Collect information on global environmental issues and problems and communicate your findings through appropriate modes (posters, charts, collages, cartoons, handouts, essays, street plays and PowerPoint presentation).
(f) Area Studies: Choosing any aspect from World Studies and preparing a Power Point presentation or a write up on it.
(g) Meteorological Instruments and their uses: Six’s maximum and minimum thermometer, mercury barometer, aneroid barometer, wind vane, anemometer, rain gauge and hygrometer.
For student’s exam preparation, we have compiled the syllabus of all subjects at a single place. They can go through them by visiting the ICSE Class 9 Syllabus page. Download the CoolGyan’S App and fall in love with learning.
