CBSE Class 8 Science Revision Notes Chapter 6 – Combustion and Flame

Revision Notes for CBSE Class 8 Science Chapter 6 – Free PDF Download

Free PDF download of Class 8 Science Chapter 6 – Combustion and Flame Revision Notes & Short Key-notes prepared by expert Science teachers from latest edition of CBSE(NCERT) books. All Chapter 6 – Combustion and Flame Revision Notes to help you to revise complete Syllabus and Score More marks.
Science NCERT Solutions for Class 8

Quick Revision Notes

• Combustion: The process of burning a substance in the presence of air (oxygen) and undergoes a chemical reaction to produce heat and light.
• The substances which burn in air are called combustible.
• Oxygen (in air) is essential for combustion.
• During the process of combustion, heat and light are given out.
• Ignition temperature is the lowest temperature at which a combustible substance catches fire.
• Types of combustion: The type of combustion differs depending on the type of fuel. Based on nature and intensity combustions are classified into three types. They are:
  (i) Rapid combustion
  (ii) Spontaneous combustion
  (iii) Explosion
• Flame: It is a zone or burning vapour. The substances which vaporise during burning give flames. Example: Kerosene oil and molten wax.
• Inflammable substances have very low ignition temperature.
• Fire can be controlled by removing one or more requirements essential for producing fire.
• Water is commonly used to control fires.
• Water cannot be used to control fires involving electrical equipments or oils.
• There are three different zones of a flame – dark zone, luminous zone and non-luminous zone.
• Fuel is any material that is burned to obtain energy that can be used to heat or move another object.
• A good fuel must:
  •  Be readily available.
  •  Be cheap.
  •  Burn easily at a moderate rate.
  •  Produce a large amount of heat.
  •  Not leave behind any undesirable substances.
• Fuels differ in their efficiency and cost.
• Fuel efficiency is expressed in terms of its calorific value which is expressed in units of kilo joule per kg.
• Types of Fuels:
  (i) Solid Fuels: Combustible substances which are solid at room temperature. Example: coal, coke, wood, charcoal, etc.
  (ii) Liquid fuels: Volatile liquids which produce combustible vapour. Example: Petrol, kerosene, alcohol, diesel, etc.
  (iii) Gaseous fuels: Combustible gases or mixture of combustible gases. Example: Natural gas, LPG, biogas, coal gas, etc.
•  Effects of Burning of Fuels:
  (i) Carbon fuels like wood, coal petroleum release un burnt carbon particles. These are dangerous pollutants causing respiratory diseases, such as asthma.
  (ii) Incomplete combustion of carbon fuels gives carbon monoxide which is a poisonous gas.
  (iii) Increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the air is believed to cause global warming.
  (iv) Oxides of Sulphur and nitrogen dissolve in rain water and form acids. Such rain is called acid rain. It is very harmful for crops, buildings and soil.
• Un burnt carbon particles in air are dangerous pollutants causing respiratory problems.
• Incomplete combustion of a fuel gives poisonous carbon monoxide gas.
• Increased percentage of carbon dioxide in air has been linked to global warming.
• Oxides of sulphur and nitrogen produced by the burning of coal, diesel and petrol cause
• Acid rain which is harmful for crops, buildings and soil.