CBSE Class 12 Geography Revision Notes for Tertiary and Quaternary Activities of Chapter 7

Class 12 Geography – Fundamentals of Human Geography Quick Revision notes Chapter 7 Tertiary and Quaternary Activities

GENERAL FEATURES 

1. large number work in tertiary sector and medium number work in secondary sector
2. They include both production and exchange
3. Production includes provision of service
4. utput is indirectly measured in terms of wages and salaries
5. xchange involves trade transport and communication
6. Provide commercial output service
7. Specialized skills are involved

TYPES OF TERTIARY ACTIVITIES   SERVICE SECTOR
Service Sector
1. Tertiary
A. Trade & Commerce
I. Whole Sale
a. Urban Supply House
b. Rural Mandis
II. Retail
a. Urban
i. Chain Stores
ii. Mail Order[Mail Order has further in 2 types:-Telephone and internet]
iii. Convenient Shopping
iv. PDS
b. Rural
i. Periodic Markets
B. Transport
I. Road
II. Rail
III. Water
a. Inland
b. Oceanic
i. Passenger
ii. Cargo
IV. Air
C. Communication
I. Means of Transport
II. Telecommunication
a. Telephone
i. Landline
ii. Mobile
III. Audiovisual
a. Films
b. Radio
c. TV
d. Print
i. News
ii. Magazine
D. Services
I. Banking
II. Insurance
III. Real Estate
IV. Personal
a. Private
b. Govt.
c. NGO
2. Quaternary
A. Information based
B. R & D Based
3. Quinary
A. Specialist
B. Decision makers
C. Consultant
D. Policy Formulators
SOME SELECTED EXAMPLES 
Tourism: tourist regions, factors affecting tourism: demand , transport
TOURIST ATTRACTIONS:  climate, landscape history and art, culture and economy Empowered workers,
QUATERNARY ACTIVITIES‟

1. Collection production and dissemination of information ,.
2. Production of information,
3. Research and development,
4. Specialized knowledge,
5. Technical skills,
6. Administrative competence.

QUINARY ACTIVITIES

• The highest level of decision makers, policy makers,

Outsourcing

• Large no. of call centers in India and China opened

Advantages

• Cheap,
• Availability of skilled persons,
• English language communication skills,
• Out migrating countries.

It includes 

1. Knowledge processing outsourcing
2. Home shoring
3. Business process outsourcing
4. Availability of high skilled workers ex. E-learning, business research  intellectual property legal profession  and banking sector

MEDICAL SERVICES FOR OVERSEAS PATIENTS I INDIA

1. India is leading country in medical tourism
2. World class hospitals are located in India
3. Abundant benefits for the developing countries
4. It is cheap for developed countries
5. Advantages for patients
6. Developed transport in India

DIGITAL DIVIDE

1. Availability of information and communication technology
2. It is uneven in the world
3. It depends on the government policy
4. Developed countries provide but developing countries still to provide the ICT to their people