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1. What is the meaning of tribes according to Chapter 7 of Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts-2?
Apart from the societies that developed under the varna system, other kinds of societies thrived as well. This was because many societies in the subcontinent did not accept or follow the social rules and rituals that had been laid down by the Brahmanas. They did not want to be divided into numerous unequal classes. Such societies were often referred to as tribes.
2. Where did the tribal people live according to Chapter 7 of Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts-2?
Tribal people lived in almost every region of the subcontinent. However, their habitat and influence did vary at different points of time. Some powerful tribes were able to control several large territories. In Punjab, the Khokhar tribe was quite prominent during the 13th and 14th centuries. Later, the Gakkhars became more important. To know more about where tribal people lived, refer to NCERT Solutions of Chapter-7 of Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts-2. These NCERT solutions are prepared according to the latest marking scheme, CBSE guidelines and exam patterns by the best teachers in India. These are written in easy to understand language to help students understand the concepts easily.
3. Who were the Cheros according to Chapter 7 of Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts-2?
In Bihar and Jharkhand, Chero chiefdoms had started coming into existence by the end of the twelfth century. During Mughal rule, Raja Man Singh was Akbar’s general who attacked and defeated the Cheros in 1591. Although the Cheros were looted mercilessly, they were not entirely subdued. Under Aurangzeb, Mughal forces captured many Chero fortresses and finally ended up subjugating the tribe.
4. How did nomads live according to Chapter 7 of Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts-2?
Nomads were known for moving long distances with their animals. They lived on milk and other pastoral products obtained from cattle. They also used the barter system to trade wool, ghee, and other useful products with settled agriculturists for grain, cloth, and utensils. Nomads were the ones involved in buying and selling these goods as they moved from one place to another. They transported them on the animals that they reared and owned.
5. What were the changes occurring in society with formation of new castes?
Smaller castes termed as jatis soon started emerging within varnas. Smaller, newer castes appeared amongst the Brahmanas too. On the other hand, tribes and other social groups were also divided into jatis. Ultimately, a shift was observed as jatis, rather than varnas, became the basis for organising society. For more information on this topic and other topics like this, refer CoolGyan.