NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chemistry: Chapter 5 (States of Matter)

It was found that for all gases (at any given pressure), the plot of volume vs. temp. (in $^{circ}$C) is a straight line.

If we extend the line to zero volume, then it intersects the temp-axis at $-273^{circ}$ C. That is the volume of any gas at$-273^{circ}$ C is 0. This happens because all gasses get transferred into liquid form before reaching $-273^{circ}$ C.

Therefore, it can be said that$-273^{circ}$ C is the lowest possible temp.

Q22. Critical temperature for carbon dioxide and methane are 31.1 °C and –81.9 °C respectively. Which of these has stronger intermolecular forces and why?

Answer:

If the critical temperature of a gas is higher then it is easier to liquefy. That is the intermolecular forces of attraction among the molecules of gas are directly proportional to its critical temp.

Therefore, in CO₂ intermolecular forces of attraction are stronger.

Q23. Explain the physical significance of Van der Waals parameters?

Answer:

The physical significance of ‘a’:

The magnitude of intermolecular attractive forces within gas is represented by ‘a’.

The physical significance of ‘b’:

The volume of a gas molecule is represented by ‘b’.

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