Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Maths Chapter 6 - Application of Derivatives


CBSE Class 12 Maths Chapter-6 Important Questions – Free PDF Download

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CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Important Questions Chapter 6 – Application of Derivatives


4 Mark Questions

1. The length x of a rectangle is decreasing at the rate of 3 cm/ mint and the width y is increasing at the rate of 2cm/min. when x = 10cm and y = 6cm, find the ratio of change of (a) the perimeter (b) the area of the rectangle.
Ans. 
(a) Let P be the perimeter




(b) 



2. Find the interval in which the function given by f(x) = 4x3 – 6x– 72x + 30 is
(a) strictly increasing
(b) strictly decreasing.
Ans. 






intSign of f’(x)Result
+ tiveIncrease
+ tiveDecrease
+ tiveincrease

Hence function is increasing in and decreasing in (-2, 3)


3. Find point on the curveat which the tangents are (i) parallel to x –axis (ii) parallel to y – axis
Ans. 
Differentiate side w.r.t. to x


For tangent || to x – axis the slope of tangent is zero


Put x = 0 in equation (1)

Points are (0, 5) and (0, -5) now is tangent is || is to y – axis


4. Use differentiation to approximate 
Ans. Let

Let 
Then 





Put the value of dy in equation (1)


5. The volume of a cube is increasing at a rate of 9cm3/s. How fast is the surface area increasing when the length of on edge is 10cm?
Ans. Let x be the length, V be the volume and S be the surface area of cube






6. Find the interval in which the function is strictly increasing and decreasing. (x+1)3 (x-3)3
Ans. 



intSingh of f’(x)Result
-tiveDecrease
-tiveDecrease
+tiveIncrease
+tiveIncrease

 


7.Find the equations of the tangent and normal to curve at (1, 1)
Ans. 
Differentiate both side w.r.t to x


 
Slope of tangent = -1
Slope of normal 


8. IF the radius of a sphere is measured as 9cm with an error of 0.03cm, then find the approximate error in calculating its volume.
Ans. Let r be radius and be error




9. A ladder 5m long is leaning against a wall. The bottom of the ladder is pulled along the ground away from the wall, at the rate 2cm/s. how fast is its height on the wall decreasing when the foot of the ladder is 4m away from the wall.

Ans. 


When 



10. A particle moves along the curve 6y = x3 + 2. Find the points on the curve at which the y-coordinate is changing 8 times as fast as the x – coordinate.
Ans. 




Put the value of x in equation (1)






11. Find the interval in which increase/decrease. 
Ans. 




int.Sign of f’(x)Result
+tiveincrease
-tiveDecrease

Hence, f(x) is increasing onand decreasing on 


12. Find the intervals in which the function f given by is strictly increasing or decreasing.
Ans. 




IntSingh of f’(x)Result
+tiveIncrease
-tiveDecrease
+tiveincrease

 


13. Find the equation, of the tangent line to the curve y = x2 – 2x + 7 which is
(a) Parallels to the line 2x – y + 9 = 0
(b) Perpendicular to the line 5y – 15x = 13
Ans. Let (x, y) be the point a
(a) y = x2 – 2x + 7 —–(1)


Slope of line = 2




Equation of tangent


(b) 
Slope of Line = 

Put x1 in equation (1)



Equation of tangent





14. Find the equation of the tangent to the hyperbola at the point (xo, yo).
Ans. 





Equation


Dividing by a2b2

From (1)


15. Find the approximate value of 
Ans. Let 


16. Using differentiates find the approximate value of 
Ans. 





We get


17. Sand is pouring from a pipe at the rate of 12cm3/s. the falling sand forms a cone on the ground in much a way that the height of the cone is always one – sixth of the radius of the here. How fast is the height of the sand cone increasing when the height in 4cm.
Ans.







18. The total revenue in RS received from the sale of x units of the product is given by R (x) = 13x2 + 26x + 15 find MR when 17 unit are produce.
Ans. 


19. Prove that is an increasing function for in
Ans. 



20. Prove that the function given by f(x) = log sinx is strictly increasing on and strictly decreasing on 
Ans. 


and

Hence f(x) = log sinx is strictly increasing on and decreasing on 


21. Find a point on the curve y = (x – 2)2 at which the tangent is parallel to the chord joining the points (2, 0) and (4, 4)
Ans. 
Slope of tangent to curve

Slope of chord 

Put x = 3 in equation (1)

Points (3, 1)


22. Find the equation of tangent to the curve given by at a point where 
Ans. 


When 
Equation of tangent


23. Find the approximate value of f(3.02) where f(x) = 3x2 + 5x + 3.
Ans. 

Put 


24. Find the approximate value of 
Ans. 





25. A balloon, which always remains spherical on inflation, is being inflated by pumping in 900cm3/s. find the rate at which the radius of the balloon increase when the radius is 15cm.
Ans. Let V be the volume of sphere







26. A circular disc of radius 3cm is being heated. Due to expansion, their radius increase at the rate of 0.05 cm/s. find the rate at which its area is increasing when radius is 3.2cm.
Ans. 



27. Find the intervals in which the function f given by is
(i) increasing
(ii) decreasing
Ans. 





Hence


28. Find the interval in which the function f given by is
(i) increasing
(ii) decreasing.
Ans. 


For increasing



So f(x) is increase on and 
For decreasing





f(x) is decrease on (-1, 0) (0, 1)


29. Find the equation of the normal to the curve which passes through the point (1, 2)
Ans. 

Let (x1 y1) be the point

Slope of normal 
Equation 

Passes through —————-(1, 2)


lies on






Now repeat equation



X + y = 3


30. Show that the normal at any point to the curve is at a constant distance from origin.
Ans. 



Slope of normal 
Equation of normal 



Proved


31. Show that the altitude of the right circular cone of maximum volume that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius r is 4r/3.
 

Ans. 









R=3x




= – tive maximum
Altitude 

Prove.


32. Show that the height of the cylinder of maximum volume that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius R is Also find the maximum volume.

Ans. 





For maximum/minimum





 
= – tive maximum
Height of cylinder



33. The two equal side of an isosceles with fixed base b are decreasing at the rate of 3cm/s. How fast is the area decreasing when the two equal sides are equal to the base?

Ans. 
Let A be area of 








34. A men of height 2m walks at a uniform speed of 5km/h away from a lamp, past which is 6m high. Find the rate at which the lengths of his shadow increase.
Ans. AB is lamp post DC is man









35. A water tank has the shape of an inverted right circular cone with its axis vertical and vertex lower most. Its semi vertical angle is tan-1 (0.5) water is poured into it at a constant rate of 5cm3/hr. Find the rate at which the level of the water is rising at the instant when the depth of water in the tank is 4m.
 

Ans. 










36. Find the interval in which the function given by is (a) Strictly increasing (b) Strictly decreasing
Ans. 












intSign of f’(x)Result
-tiveDecrease
+tiveIncrease
-tiveDecrease
+tiveincrease

 


37. Show that is always an increasing function in 
Ans. 




Hence f(x) is strictly increasing on 


38. For the curve y = 4x3 – 2x5, find all the point at which the tangent passes through the origin.
Ans. 



Equation 

[Passes through (0, 0)]












39. Prove that the curves x = y2, and xy = K cut at right angles if 8k2 = 1
Ans. 










40. Find the maximum area of an isoscelesinscribed in the ellipse 
with its vertex at one end of the major axis.
Ans.

Let A be the area of ABC




For maximum/minimum














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6 Marks Questions

1. Prove that the volume of the largest cone that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius R is of the volume of the sphere.

Ans. 









On again differentiate equation (1)




Hence maximum
Now 



Value of sphere
Value of cone of value of sphere.


2. A wire of length 28m is to be cut into two pieces. One of the pieces is to be made into a square and the other into a circle. What should be the length of the two pieces so that the combined areas of the square and the circle is minimum.
Ans. Let 1st length = x
2nd length = 28-x






A = area of circle + area of square











+tive hence minimum
1st length =
2nd length = 


3. Show that the right circular cone of least curved surface area and given volume has an altitude equal to time the radius of the base.
Ans. 









For maximum/minimum







-tive maximum


4. Show that semi – vertical angle of right circular cone of given surface area and maximum volume is 
Ans. 


Let v be the volume
















Hence minimum
Now 







5. A square piece of tin of side 18cm is to be made into a box without top by cutting a square from each corner and folding of the flaps to form the box. What should be the side of the square to be cut off so that the volume of the box is the maximum possible?
Ans. 








For maximum/minimum








6. Show that the right circular cylinder of given surface and maximum volume is such that its height is equal to the diameter of the base.
Ans.








For maximum/minimum









7. Show that the height of the cylinder of greatest volume which can be inscribed in a right circular cone of height h and having semi-vertical angle is one third that of the cone and the greatest volume of cylinder is 

Ans. 





for maximum/minimum





– tive maximum




8. Show that the right circular cone of least curved surface and given volume has an altitude equal totimes the radius of the base.
Ans. 


When K is constant















-tive maximum







9. A tank with rectangular base and rectangular sides, open at the top is to be constructed so that its depth is 2m and volume is 8m3. If building of tank costs Rs 70 per sq. metres for the base and Rs 45 per sq. metres for sides what is the cost of least expansive tank?
Ans. Let x and y be the length and width of rectangular base, v be the volume.









For maximum/minimum



Minimum


10. The sum of the perimeter of a circle and square is k, where K is some constant. Prove that the sum of their area is least when the side of square is double the radius of circle.
Ans. r is the radius of circle and x be side of sq.







For maximum/minimum






Hence maximum





11. A window is the form of a rectangle surmounted by a semi circular opening the total perimeter of the window is 10m. Find the dimensions of the window to admit maximum light through the whole opening.
Ans. Let P be the perimeter of window




Let A be area of window












Length of rectangle 

Width 


12. A point on the hypotenuse of a triangle is at distance a and b from the sides of the triangle. Show that the minimum length of the hypotenuse is.
Ans. 





For maximum/minimum





L is minimum