CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 16 Important Questions – Free PDF Download
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Important Questions Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 16 – Chemistry in Everyday life
CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Important Questions Chapter 16 – Chemistry in Everyday life
1 Mark Questions
1. efine Drugs.
Ans.Drugs are chemicals of low molecular masses which interact with macromolecular targets and produce a biological response.
2.Define chemo therapy.
Ans.The use of chemicals for therapeutic use is called chemotherapy.
3. What are the various basis of classification of drugs?
Ans. Drugs are classified on the basis of
(a) Pharmacological effect
(b) Drug action
(c) Chemical structure
(d) Molecular targets
4. Give some examples of drug targets.
Ans.Examples of drug targets – Enzymes, Receptors, Lipids, Carbohydrates etc.
5. What are antagonists and agonists?
Ans. Drugs that bind to the receptor site & inhibit its natural action are called antagonists whereas the drugs that mimic the natural messenger by switching on the receptor are agonists.
6. Metal – hydroxides are used an antacids instead of metal hydrogen carbonates. Why?
Ans. Excessive hydrogen carbonates can make the stomach alkaline and trigger the production of even more acid. Therefore metal hydroxides are better antacids as they are insoluble & do not increase pH above neutrality.
7.What are antihistamines? Give two examples.
Ans. Antihistamines prevent the interaction of histamine with the receptors present in the stomach wall e.g. Rantidine, Soldane etc.
8.Give two examples of barbiturates.
Ans. Examples of barbiturates –
Veronal, amytal, Nebutal, Liminal & Seconal.
9.What are analgesics?
Ans. Analgesics reduce or cure pain without causing impairment of consciousness, mental confusion, incoordiantion or paralysis or some other problem of nervous system.
10. What are tranquilizers?
Ans. Tranquilizers are neurologically active drugs which are used for the treatment of stress and mild or even severe mental diseases.
11.Give two examples of drugs used as antiseptics and disinfectants.
Ans. Drugs used antiseptics on well on disinfectants –
(1) 0.2% solution of phenol is an antiseptic while its one % solution disinfectant.
(2) Dettol.
12.Give two examples of antifertility drugs.
Ans. Antifertility drugs –
1. Norethindrone
2. Novestcof (ethrynylestrediol)
13.Give some examples of artificial sweeteners.
Ans. Examples of artificial sweeteners are Aspartame, Saccharin, Alitame, Sucrolse etc.
14.Which artificial sweetener is preferred for diabetes and why?
Ans. Saccharin is preferred for diabetic persons as it is excreted from body in urine unchanged. It is entirely inert and harmless when taken.
15.What are the limitations of aspartame and alitame?
Ans. Aspartame is of limited use because it in unstable at cooking temperature & is used in cold foods & soft drinks.
Alitame is a high potency sweetener & its sweetness cannot be controlled.
16.Name two food preservatives.
Ans. Two food preservatives are table salt, sodium benzoate etc.
17.How are floating soaps made?
Ans. Floating soaps are made by beating tiny air bubbles before the hardening of soap.
18. Why soaps do not work in hard water?
Ans. Hard water contains calcium and magnesium ions, which form insoluble calcium or magnesium soaps when soap is dissolved in hard water. They separate as scum in water and are useless as cleaning agents. Therefore soaps do not work in hard water.