CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter-16 Management of Natural Resources – Free PDF Download
Free PDF download of Important Questions with Answers for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 16 – Management of Natural Resources prepared by expert Science teachers from latest edition of CBSE(NCERT) books only by CoolGyan to score more marks in CBSE board examination.
CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter-16 Management of Natural Resources Important Questions
CBSE Class 10 science Important Questions Chapter 16 – Management of Natural Resources
3 Mark Questions
1. What are the effects of deforestation?
Ans. Effects of deforestation-
(a) Extinction of plants, animals and microbial species.
(b) Threatening of indigenous people whose culture and physical survival depends upon the forests.
(c) Regional and global climate change as the rainfall decrease and drought is common in deforested areas.
(d) Global warming by releasing stored carbon into the atmosphere as carbon-dioxide which is green-house gas.
(e) Increase in soil erosion and decrease in soil fertility.
(f) Increase in floods.
2. What is meant by water table? Why is it important?
Ans. Water-table- The level of water under the ground is called water table.
Advantages of underground water are-
(a) Instead of evaporation, the stored underground water recharges the wells by spreading out.
(b) It also provides moisture for vegetation over a wide area.
(c) It remains protected from contamination from animal and human wastes.
(d) It does not provide breeding grounds for mosquitoes.
3. What are the benefits of water harvesting?
Ans. Benefits of water harvesting-
(a) It provides: –
(i) good quality water for homes.
(ii) Self sufficiency for supply of water.
(iii) Control over water sources.
(b) Reduces: –
(i) Local flooding and drainage problems.
(ii) Soil erosion.
(iii) Ground water pollution.
(iv) Cost of usage water.
(b) Conserve ground water and contributes to ecological use.
4. Who are the stake holders of forests.
Ans. Stakeholder of forest are-
(a) The local people who are living in or around the forests.
(b) The department of forest of the government.
(c) The industrialists.
(d) The wildlife and nature enthusiasts.
5. How are water resources managed and consumed?
Ans. Water is managed and conserved in following ways-
(a) Install rain water harvesting system in the houses for future use.
(b) Leakage of water in the toilet and pipes should be repaired when it comes in our notice.
(c) To reduce evaporation and improve irrigation efficiency, drip irrigation and sprinkling may be practiced.
(d) Reduce domestic water wastage and try to recycle the waste water at the home.
(e) Reduce water wastage in industry by recycling the used water.
6. Write any three steps that you would take for sustainable development of the environment.
Ans. To develop sustainable natural environment we would do following practices-
(a) Save electricity by switching off the lights, fans television, and other electrical appliances when not use/needed.
(b) Use energy efficient electrical appliances. This is done by using compact fluorescent lamps and fluorescent tubes light instead of traditional filament type electric bulbs.
(c) Use public transport for school instead of parent’s car.
7. What are different ways to reduce consumption of the various natural resources?
Ans. (a) Spread awareness about the need of conservation.
(b) Install a system of rain water harvesting.
(c) Follow three R’s- reduce, reuse and recycle.
8. What are the problems faced by construction of large dams?
Ans. Disadvantages of construction of large dams-
(a) Only privileged section of people get maximum water due to mismanagement of water of canals.
(b) Construction of dams involves deforestation of large trees resulting in imbalance in ecosystem. It also threatens the wild life of the areas.
(c) People close to source canal grow water intensive crop like rice and sugarcane whereas people further down stream do not get any water.
9. List three things which increase pressure on our natural resources.
Ans. (a) More paper is used than required for printing on computer.
(b) Keeping fan on when there is no one in the rooms.
(c) Wastage of food.
(d) Burning of crackers.
(e) Wastage of petrol by unnecessarily starting the motorbike.
10. What are the factors to check the quality of water?
Ans. To check the quality of water certain measurable factors are always followed-
(a) Total coliform count- In human intestines, a group of bacteria called coliform are found. When these bacteria are present in water, it is assumed that water is contaminated by disease causing micro-organisms.
(b) PH of water- If water is highly acidic or basic, it is said to be polluted.
(c) Heavy metals and pesticides- Amount of heavy metals like copper, zinc, lead, etc and pesticide present in water indicates pollution.
11. What changes can you make in your habits to become more environment friendly?
Ans. (a) Separate wastes into recyclable and non- recyclable.
(b) Use electricity judiciously.
(c) Follow three R’s (reduce, recycle and reuse).
(d) Eat as much as require do not waste food.
(e) Use water judiciously.
(f) Reuse newspapers and use less plastic.
(g) Have more windows in the house for natural light.
12. What are the results of chipko movement?
Ans. (i) The chipko movement spread across the communities which also awakened the media. This forced the government, to rethink their priorities before making use of forest resources.
(ii) Local people believed in the replenishment of the plants by cutting the unwanted branches and plucking the leaves in such a way that the plants may find time to replenish.
(iii) The destruction of forests could be prevented because the local people were aware of the fact that the destruction of forest always causes loss of forests products forever, degrade the quality of soil and water.
13. Explain in detail the three R’s in the process of saving the environment.
Ans. For the management of waste in a very natural way, three R,S that is reuse, recycle and reduce should be followed-
(a) Recycle- It is the act of processing used materials for use in creating new products. For Ex-use of shopping bags made of cloth or jute
(b) Reuse- using things again and again. It is better then recycle as some energy is also used recycling which not required at all in reuse.
(c) Reduce- either reduces the generation of unnecessary waste or use less.
14. What are the benefits of water harvesting?
Ans. Benefits of water harvesting.
(a) It results in recharging of ground water. Hence water in collected and stored underground and free from contamination.
(b) It neither evaporates nor becomes as mosquito breeding place.
(c) It is very useful for providing underground moisture to vegetation of large area also.
15. Why there should be equitable distribution of our resources? What forces would be working against an equitable distribution of our resources.
Ans. There should be equitable distribution of resources so that all and not just a handful of rich and powerful people benefit from the development of these resources.
Rich and powerful would be working against an equitable distribution of our resources they would exploit the natural resources in such a way that the resources would not be available for the future generation. Some people may exploit the resources and cause pollution in turn. Like during metallurgy slag can cause pollution.
16. With the help of an example explain how participation of local people is useful for conservation of forest.
Ans. The local people who live in around the forests depend on various products of the forest. To manage the forest resources in very sustainable manner, the local people managed some movement in the near past for example. Chipko movement (Hug the trees movement) the women of Reni village of Tehri Garhwal had hugged the trees, because the workers of logging contractor started cutting the trees. Hence, the women of the village hugged the trees. Thus they prevented the workers felling the trees and the contractors had to withdraw ultimately.
17. What changes can you make in your habits to become more environment-friendly?
Ans. (a) Plant one tree on every birthday.
(b) Stop using polythene bags.
(c) Switch off unnecessary lights and fans.
(d) Take bus instead of personal vehicles.
(e) Use CFL in place of bulbs.
18. Why do you think there should be equitable distribution of resources? What forces would be working against an equitable distribution of our resources?
Ans. Natural resources are given to us given nature. All the individuals have equal right on these resources like air and water. Industrialists and some other rich persons are who are in power wants to grab all the resources. It is this section which is working against equitable distribution of energy.
19. Find out about the traditional systems of water harvesting/management in your region.
Ans. The traditional system of water conservation differs from region to region for example.
(a) Khadin, tanks and nadis in Rajasthan
(b) Bandharas and tals in Maharashtra
(c) Ahars and pyenes in Bihar
(d) kattas in Karnataka
20. Compare the above system with the probable systems in hilly/mountainous areas or plains or plateau regions.
Ans. In hilly/mountainous areas mostly in Himachal Pradesh, kulhs are used to take water to several villages down the hillside. In largely level terrain, water harvesting structures are mainly crescent shaped earthen embankments or low straight concrete and rubble check dams built across seasonally flooded gullies. They are different from pits and ponds as they store running water.
21. What changes would you suggest in your home in order to be environment-friendly?
Ans. We shall follow the principle of three R’s
(i) Reduce: Use natural resources in limited quantity avoiding wastage.
(ii) Recycle: Recycle plastic, paper, glass and metal for further use.
(iii) Reuse: Envelops can be reversed for reuse.
22. Can you suggest some changes in your school which would make it environment friendly?
Ans. (a) Avoid unnecessary use of water coolers, heaters, fans and lights.
(b) Plantation of trees around the school
(c) Preparation of compost
(d) Water harvesting.
(e) Storing separately the articles that can be recycled.
23. We saw in this chapter that there are four main stakeholders when it comes to forests and wildlife. Which among these should have the authority to decide the management of forest produces? Why do you think so?
Ans. The local people who live in or around the forest area should have the authority to decide the management of forest produces. These people know various practices to use the resources in sustainable manner. These people have been using the forest and wild life resources since ancient times without harming or causing any damage to the environment.
24. How can you as an individual contribute or make a difference to the management of (a) forests and wildlife, (b) water resources and (c) coal and petroleum?
Ans. As an individual
(a) (i) I will not allow cutting of trees.
(ii) I shall plant one tree every year and watch it growing.
(b) (i) I shall use water judiciously.
(ii) I shall immediately repair leaky taps
(c) (i) I shall pool the car for going to office.
(ii) Every Sunday will be no car Sunday.
25. On the basis of the issues raised in this chapter, what changes would you incorporate in your lifestyle in a move towards a sustainable use of our resources?
Ans. I shall
(i) Minimize use of fossils fuels by pooling of car and use of public transport.
(ii) Recycle plastic, paper, glass etc.
(iii) Provide for water harvesting
(iv) Plant more trees.
(v) Use the principle of three R’s.
26. Why scarcity of water is there in our country inspite of nature’s monsoon bounty?
Ans. It has taken place due to the following reasons:
(a) Failure to sustain water availability underground which has resulted largely from the loss of vegetation cover.
(b) Diversion for high water demanding crops.
(c) Pollution from industrial effluents and urban wastes.
27. State benefits of water harvesting.
Ans. a. Provides self-sufficiency to water supply
b. Conserves valuable ground water
c. Reduces cost for pumping ground water
d. Reduces local flooding and drainage problems
28. How did Chipko Andolan ultimately benefit the local population? Give any three benefits?
Ans. a. The locals benefitted from forest produces
b. The wild life and nature were conserved
c. The quality of air and soil was preserved
29. Quote three instances where human intervention saved the forests from destruction.
Ans. a. Contribution of Bishnoi movement
b. Building national parks
c. Encouraging wildlife sanctuaries
30. Write the advantages of giving the control of water management to the residents of the area?
Ans. Water harvesting techniques are highly locality specific and the benefits are localised. Thus, giving people the control over their local water resources ensures that mismanagement and overexploitation of these resources is reduced.
31. “White tiger has become an endangered species” why?
Ans. White tiger has become an endangered species because of:
a) Loss of habitat due to deforestation.
b) Poaching by man
c) or any other correct reason.
Due to this their number has decreased to such an extent that they are facing a threat to their existence.
32. “Forests can not be conserved only by legislation; local human intervention is also required.” Justify your answer with two examples.
Ans. The two examples when human intervention saved the forest are:
1. The protection of Khajuri frees- In 1731 Amrita Devi Bishnoi led a group of 363 persons who sacrificed their lives for the protection of Khajuri frees in Khejrati village (Rajasthan).
2. Hug the trees movement(Chipko Andolan)- In a Reni village in Gharwal when the contractor’s workers came into the forest to cut down the frees against the will of local people, the women of the village reached the forest quickly and clasped the trunks with their arms, and the forest frees were thus saved.
33. Which one is better to save an environment “Reuse” or “Recycling”? Give reasons to support your answer.
Ans. “Reuse” of material is better than “Recycling” in saving our environment because:
1. Reuse of material does not use any energy, whereas recycling uses some energy.
2. In reuse things are used again and again instead of throwing away.
34. Why rain harvested water stored underground has many advantages? Give any three advantages.
Ans. 1. The water stored underground does not evaporate.
2. The water stored underground percolates, which enriches the water table and recharges ground water sources.
3. The water stored underground is protected from contamination by human and animal wastes, and also does not promote breeding of pests.
35. What can you do as an individual to conserve water?
Ans. To conserve water I can adopt some changes in my habits while doing my routine work:
1. Using bucket for bathing instead of taking shower bath.
2. Cuffing down the flow of water through tap while brushing teeth or washing face, hands, etc.
3. Waste water after washing vegetables, fruits etc. will be used in watering plants. (Any other correct reason)
