CBSE Class 10 Political Science Chapter-4 Gender, Religion and caste – Free PDF Download
Free PDF download of Important Questions with Answers for CBSE Class 10 Political Science Chapter 4 – Gender, Religion and caste prepared by expert Political Science teachers from latest edition of CBSE(NCERT) books only by CoolGyan to score more marks in CBSE board examination.
CBSE Class 10 Political Science Chapter-4 Gender, Religion and caste Important Questions
CBSE Class 10 Political Science Important Questions Chapter 4 – Gender, Religion and caste
3 Mark Questions
1. What do you mean by gender division? How is it linked with division of Labour in most of thesocieties?
Ans. Gender division simply refers to the division of work between the men and the women. Some workespecially the households such as cooking, washing, cleaning, etc. are exclusively meant for the womenwhile the man have some other defined areas of work.
(1) The gender division between the men and women does not mean that men cannot do householdworks. They simply think that it is for women to attend the household works.
(2) The gender division also doesn’t mean that women do not work outside their home.
2. Give three ill-effects of communalism in the society.
Ans. (1) A communal thought always tends to establish political dominance offer particular religious community.
(2) The country weakens when political parties are formed and political activities are conducted on the communal lines.
(3) One of the most ugly face of communalism emerges out in the form of riots, violence and homicides.
3. Which factors are responsible for miserable and poor conditions of women in India? Explain.
Ans. (1) Sexual division of Labour.
(2) Illiteracy
(3) Lack of Representation in politics.
(4) Discrimination in Job.
4. Write two positive and two negative impacts each of caste-politics relation in India.
Ans. (1) Positive Impacts
(i) Caste Politics relationship has helped people from Dalits and OBCs to gain better access to decision making.
(ii) Now people are making voice for the end of discrimination against particular castes for more dignity and more access to land, other resources and opportunities.
(2) Negative Impacts
(i) It can divert attention from other pressing issues like poverty, development and corruption. Sometimes a few underprivileged castes get more benefit while other underprivileged classes remain deprived.
(ii) Sometimes it also disrupts social harmony.
5. Explain the political considerations of democracy.
Ans. 1. Elections should be held regularly and there should be more than one party in the elections.
2. Elections should be held on the basis of universal adult franchise, which means every adult member has the right to vote.
Citizens are participating in the political affairs of the government.
6. Explain the social considerations of democracy.
Ans. 1) Social democracy means there should be equality and unity among the society.
2) Everyone should have equal access to the resources of the society.
3) There should not be any discrimination on the basis of caste, race, gender or religion.
4) No religion or community is given any preference over other religions and communities.
7. Explain the economic considerations of democracy.
Ans. 1) Economic democracy means that every member enjoys, more or less, equal economic status.
2) This means that there should not be large gaps between the rich and the poor.
3) A society should not have a small very rich class and a large poor class.
4) It also means that the government undertakes extensive social welfare schemes and achieve universal literacy rate.
8. How have the feminist movements helped in improving women’s conditions?
Ans. 1) Political expression of gender division and mobilization on this question helped to improve the women’s rule in public life.
2) Now women are working in different occupations such are scientists, doctors, engineering, lawyers, teachers which were not considered suitable for women.
3) In some parts of the world for example in Scandinavian countries such as Sweden, Norway and Finland the participation of women in public life is very high.
9. What is casteism? How casteism in India different as compared to other society?
Ans. 1) Organisation of people into social groups for the purpose of marriage, work and diet in known as caste system.
2) The social structure of India is based upon the caste system.
3) All societies have some kind of social inequalities and some form of division of labor but the Indian caste system is a extreme form of division of labour based on birth.
10. What are the feminist Movements? What are their demands?
Ans. 1) These are the movements which are organized by various women organizations to create equality for women in personal and family life.
2) These feminist movement demand equal rights for women in all shears of life.
3) These are agitations in different countries for the extension of voting rights to women.
The agitations demanded in enhancing the political and legal status of women
11. What do you mean by sexual division of labour?
Ans. 1) Sexual division of labour refers to the division of work between the men and women. Some works especially the house hold works such as cooking, tailoring, washing, cleaning etc are exclusively meant for the women while the men have some other defined areas of work.
2) The sexual division of labour does not mean that men cannot do household works. They simply think that it is for women to attend the household work. When these jobs are paid, men are ready to take up those jobs for example most tailors and cooks in the hotel are men.
12. Explain the need for more representations for women as elected representation?
Ans. 1) In India the proportion of women in legislature has been very low.
2) For example the percentage of elected women numbers in the Lok Sabha has never reached even ten percent of its total strength.
3) There share in the state assemblies is less than five percent.
4) Issues related to women’s well-being or otherwise are not given adequate attention.
13. How can we achieve the objective for more representation for women as elected representation?
Ans. 1) Seats must be reserved for women in elected bodies like the Lok Sabha, the Rajya Sabha, the State Assemblies, etc.
2) Emphasis should be given to enhance the literacy rate among women.
3) Political parties need to be convinced to reserve tickets for women contestants.
4) Only reserving seats for women in government jobs are not enough. It should be adequate and be implemented in strict sense.
14. How is gender division understood in Indian society?
Ans. 1) Seats must be reserved for women in elected bodies like the Lok Sabha, the Rajya Sabha, the State Assemblies, etc.
2) Emphasis should be given to enhance the literacy rate among women.
3) Political parties need to be convinced to reserve tickets for women contestants.
4) Only reserving seats for women in government jobs are not enough. It should be adequate and be implemented in strict sense.
15. How political mobilization on the question of gender equality helps to improve women’s role in public life? Are they successful in achieving their objective?
Ans. 1) In these days women work as scientists, doctors, engineers, lawyers, mangers and teachers, which were earlier not considered suitable for them
2) The status of women is increased in the society. Many laws are enacted by the government to make them more empowered.
3) Despite some improvements, ours is still a male dominated patriarchal society. Women still face disadvantaged, discrimination and oppression in various ways.
16. What are the demands of women’s organization?
Ans. 1) Reservation of at least one-third of seats in Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha.
2) Reservation of seats in state legislative assemblies.
3) Equal wages should be given to women.
17. In what ways does gender division of labour in most families reflect that housework and bringing up children are the main responsibility of women?
Ans. 1) Women in most families, work inside the home.
2) They do work which include washing cooking, tailoring, caring for children etc.
3) These jobs are not paid work and there is hardly any recognition for such work.
4) Men are ready to do all such type of work outside the home if these are paid.
18. Explain the role played by women in public affairs.
Ans. 1) Women organizations have played an important role in improving the status of women.
2) Women now play a significant role in public affairs as MPs, MLAs, engineering, doctors, managers and teachers.
3) Women also play a very important role in handling the household works.
19. What is the basis of caste based politics? Explain.
Ans. 1) When candidates are chosen for a constituency the caste composition of the area is kept in mind and then candidates are nominated who can win the election.
2) Political parties make appeals to the caste sentiments of the electorate.
3) Caste has become an important factor of political parties.
20. Mention the negative aspects of caste in politics?
Ans. 1) Politics based on caste identity alone is not a healthy feature in a democracy.
2) It can divert attention from other pressing issues like poverty. Illiteracy, corruption etc.
3) Caste politics lead to tension and violence.
4) Chances of conflict between different social groups are more.
21. Is true that gender division is not based on biology but on social expectations and stereotypes? Explain.
Ans. 1) Boys and girls are brought up to believe that women should be good at household work and men should do all the work outside home.
2) Most of the jobs done by women at home remain unpaid and unrecognized.
3) Many women do work outside to supplement domestic income.
4) In rural areas they work in field and earn money for the family.
22. How religion can be used in politics in a positive manner?
Ans. 1) The religion can be used in politics in not dangerous as it seems to us. Ethnical values of each religion can play a major role in politics.
2) As a member of any religious community, people should express their political needs. The political leaders should regulate the practice of religion so that there should be no discrimination and oppression.
3) If all the religions are treated equally then these political acts are correct in any way. Therefore, religion can be used in politics in a positive manner.
23. Do you agree that caste alone cannot determine election results in India?
Ans. 1) It is not necessary that people of the same caste vote for the same political party. They have different demands and vote according to their choice. It means that no political party represents only one caste.
2) It does not happen that there are candidates from each caste. It might happen that all the candidates are from one caste and there are more than one candidate from one caste and no candidate from the other caste.
24. How does the Constitution of India ensures that India remains a secular state?
Ans. 1) There is no of official religion for the Indian state.
2) Constitution of India does not give a special status to any religious.
3) The constitution provides to all individuals and communities freedom to profess, practice and propagate any religion, or not to follow any.
4) The constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion.
25. Describe the positive impact of casteism with regard to political expression.
Ans. 1) Caste and politics relationship has helped people from Dalits and OBCs to gain better access to decision making.
2) Now people are making voice for the end of discrimination based on caste lines.
3) They are now asking for more dignity and more access to land and other resources and opportunities.
26. Describe the negative impact of casteism with regard to political expression.
Ans. 1) Some political parties are known to favour some castes and are seen as their representatives. Sometimes it promotes social differences.
2) It can also divert attention from other issues like poverty, development and corruption.
3) Sometimes it also disrupts social harmony.
27. Is the association of political parties with social groups always bad? Give three arguments in support of your answer.
Ans. 1) The association of political parties with social groups is not always bad.
2) The association of political parties with weaker sections of the society is healthy for democracy.
3) Through political parties weaker sections get together to voice their opinion and get a chance for their development.
4) Some political parties grow out of social groups like, AIADMK, BSP and DMK.
28. Give three reasons which have contributed to changes in caste and caste system in India.
Ans. 1) Many reformers like Mahatma Phule, Naikar, Ambedkar, Mahatma Gandhi fought to establish a society in which caste inequalities have no place.
2) Development of new cities, Industrialization, more job opportunities in new urban areas compelled people from all castes to love and work together. This has developed a liberal view relating to the notions of castes practices.
3) The constitution prohibited any caste basted discrimination and laid the foundation of policies to reverse the injustices of caste system. Untouchability has been made a penal offence.
29. ‘Caste has not still disappeared from contemporary India”. Explain the statement with suitable arguments.
Ans. 1) Most people marry within their own caste or tribe.
2) Untouchability has not ended completely despite constitutional prohibition.
3) Effects of centuries of advantages and disadvantages continue to be felt today.
4) A large mass of low caste people still do not have access to education.
30. What are the feminist Movements? What are their demands?
Ans. 1) These are the movements which are organized by various women organizations to create equality for women in personal and family life.
2) These feminist movement demand equal rights for women in all shears of life.
3) These are agitations in different countries for the extension of voting rights to women.
4) The agitations demanded in enhancing the political and legal status of women.
31. What were Gandhi ji’s views regarding religion and politics?
Ans. 1) Gandhi Ji used to say that religion can never be separated from politics.
2) According to him religion was not any particular religion like Hinduism or Islam but moral values that form the basis of our religion.
3) He believed that politics must be guided by ethics drawn from religion.
32. Why is the idea of communal politics fundamentally flawed?
Ans. 1) Most of these beliefs are fundamentally not true. People of one religion do not have the same interests and aspirations in most of the context.
2) Every individual has his and her own choices, roles, positions and identities.
3) There are many voices inside every community. All these voices have a right to be heard.
4) Therefore, any attempt to bring all followers of one religion together in context other than religion is bound to suppress many voices within that community.
33. In what ways does gender division of labour in most families reflect that housework and bringing up children are the main responsibility of women?
Ans. 1) Women in most families, work inside the home.
2) They do work which include washing cooking, tailoring, caring for children etc.
3) These jobs are not paid work and there is hardly any recognition for such work.
4) Men are ready to do all such type of work outside the home if these are paid.
34. What is feminist movement? What are the results of political expressions of gender divisions?
Ans. The feminist movement refers to the agitation demanding enhancing the political and legal status of movement.
(1) The gender issues or equality of men and women, as a result of feminist movement was raised inpolitics.
(2) The political expressions and political mobilization helped improve women’s role in public life.
(3) As a result of the expression of gender division in politics many legislations were passed by whichwomen were empowered in the social, economic and political feels.
35. Discuss any four facilities are given by the government to the backward classes.
Ans. (1) The people from the backward classes have been given reservation in the government jobsas per the their proportion in the population.
(2) To give them fair representation in the Vidhan Sabha and the Lok Sabha.
(3) To help them move forward in the field of higher education. The seats have been reserved forthem.
(4) The constitution also prohibits any type of caste discrimination.
36. Discuss any four steps taken by the government towards women empowerment and genderinequality.
Ans. (1) Women have less than 10% representation in the Indian legislature. In the Statelegislature their representation is even less than 5%.
(2) The provision of equal wages for women without any discrimination has been made under theEqual Wages Act.
(3) There is a tendency of female infanticide in many parts of the country.
Domestic violence against women, their exploitation etc. always have been the partof daily news. In this regards, the government has brought Domestic Violence Actwhich proves and effective steps.