CBSE Class 10 History Chapter-4 The Making of a global world – Free PDF Download
Free PDF download of Important Questions with Answers for CBSE Class 10 History Chapter 4 – The Making of a global world prepared by expert History teachers from latest edition of CBSE(NCERT) books only by CoolGyan to score more marks in CBSE board examination.
CBSE Class 10 History Chapter-4 The Making of a global world Important Questions
CBSE Class 10 History Important Questions Chapter 4 – The Making of a global world
5 Mark Questions
1. After nineteenth century, how did the indentured laborers discover own ways of survival? Explain.
Ans. 1. Migrants were provided false information about living and working conditions. On arrival at the plantations, these labourers found the conditions harsh. There were a few legal rights.
2. The indentured workers discovered their own ways of surviving. Many of them escaped into wilds. Though if caught, they face severe punishment.
3. Others developed new forms of individual and collective self expression, blending different cultural forms, old and new.
4. In Trinidad, the annual Muharram procession was transformed into a riotous carnival, called Hosay in which workers of all races and religions joined.
5. The protest religion Rastafarianism reflects social and cultural links with Indian migrants to Caribbean. Many cultural things form different places get mixed lose their original characteristics and become something entirely new.
2. How was the food problem solved in Britain after scrapping of the Corn Laws?
Ans. 1. After scrapping of the Corn Laws, food could be imported into Britain more cheaply than it could be produced within the country. So Britain began to import food grains from rest of the world.
2. Around the world, especially in Eastern Europe, Russia, America and Australia, land was cleared and food production expanded to meet the British demand.
3. There had been complex changes in labour movements patterns, capital flow, ecology and technology.
4. Crops were not grown by a peasant tilling his, own land but by an agricultural worker. Food came from thousands of mile away.
5. Food and other essential commodities were transported by railways and by ships manned by low paid workers from southern Europe, Asia, Africa and Caribbean islands.
3. Why have the historians described the nineteenth century indentured as a ‘new system of slavery’? Explain any five reasons.
Ans. 1. Recruiting agents gave false information to tempt the labourers.
2. Labourers were some time, forcibly abducted.
3. On arriving at the plantation, they found conditions to be different from but they had imagined.
4. Their living conditions were very harsh.
5. Their payments were very little. Deductions were made from wages if the work was found unsatisfactory. The workers had no legal rights.
4. What was Rinderpest? State any four effects of the coming of Rinderpest in Africa.
Ans. 1. Rinderpest is a cattle plague that affected the cattle of Africa. It was carried by infected cattle imported from British Asia to feed the Italian solders invading Eritrea in east Africa.
2. In the late nineteenth century Europeans were attracted to Africa due to its vast resources of land and minerals and hoping to establish plantations and mines.
3. But they faced a problem of shortage of labour willing to work for wages.
4. Africans had and livestock and were not ready and willing to work for wages.
5. Rinderpest, the cattle plague was brought into the country by imported cattle and had a devastating effect on the indigenous cattle wiping out 90% of Africa’s cattle.
6.The loss of cattle forced the Africans to come into the labour market and work in plantation and mines.
5. What was the impact of technology on food availability? Explain with the help of examples.
Ans. 1. Technology in the form of improvements in transport- faster railways, lighter wagons and larger ships helped to move food more cheaply and quickly from far away farms to final markets.
2. Earlier animals were shipped alive from America to Europe and then slaughter when they arrived there. Meat was hence an expensive luxury beyond the reach of the European poor.
3. Then came a technology namely refrigerated ships, which enabled to transport of perishable foods over long distances.
4. Now animals were slaughtered for food and then transported to Europe as frozen meat. This reduced shipping cost and lowered meat prices in Europe.
5. To the earlier monotony of bread and potatoes many, though not all, could now add meat to their diet.
6. Define the term Trade Surplus. How was the income received from trade surplus with India used by Britain?
Ans. 1. When the value of exports is higher than value of imports, it called as Trade Surplus.
2. Britain used this surplus to balance its trade deficits with other countries-that is, with countries from which Britain was importing more than it was selling to.
3. This is how a multi-lateral settlement system works-it allows one country’s deficit with another country to be settled by its surplus with a third country.
4. By helping Britain balance it id deficits, India played a crucial role in the late 19th century world economy.
5. Britain’s trade surplus in India also helped to pay the so called home charges that included private remittances home by British official and traders, interest payments on India’s external debt, and pension of British officials in India.
7. Why is it said that India played a crucial role in the Nineteenth century world economy? Explain.
Ans. 1. In the nineteenth century, Britain was a major economic power, she had built a trade network worldwide and had a huge income.
2. The value of British exports to India was much higher than the value of British imports from India. Thus, Britain had trade surplus with India.
3. There were some countries where Britain was spending more on her imports and earning deals from exports, Britain had to meet trade deficit with these countries.
4. Britain used her trade surplus with India to balance her trade deficits with other countries.
5. Britain’s trade surplus with India also helped her to pay the so called home charges. Thus by helping Britain balance its deficits, India played a crucial role in the late nineteenth century world economy.
8. From where did Henry Ford draw inspiration, regarding the assembly line method? Describe the assembly line method in the industrial production sector.
Ans. 1. Henry Ford was car manufacturer.
2. He drew inspiration regarding the assembly line method from a Chicago Slaughter house.
3. The assembly line forced workers to repeat a single task mechanically and continuously such as fitting a particular part to the car at a pace dictated by the conveyer belt.
4. This was way of increasing the output per worker by speeding up the pace of work as he could not afford to delay the motion or take a break.
5. This could not allow the worker to have even a friendly word with the workmate. As a result, Henry Ford’s cars came off the assembly line at three minute intervals.
9. How far is it correct to say that the first world war was the first modern industrial war? Explain.
Ans. 1. The fighting involved the world’s leading industrial nations which now harnessed the vast powers of modern industry to inflict the greatest possible destruction on their enemies.
2. It saw the use of machineguns, tanks, aircrafts, and chemical weapons on a massive scale. These were all increasingly products of modern large scale industry.
3. The scale of death and destruction was vast that is nine million dead and twenty million injured.
4. It was unthinkable before the industrial age, without the use of industrial arms.
5. During the war, industries were restricted to produce war related goods.
10. Explain any three effects of the great depression 1929-1930 on the United States.
Ans. . United states were greatly affected by the great depression of 1929. With the fall in prices US banks had also slashed domestic lending called bank loans.
1. Many houses and businesses collapsed.
2. Faced with falling income, many household were unable to repay the loans.
3. They had to give up their houses, cars and other consumer durables.
4. Unemployed soared, people trudged long distances looking for work.
5.Unable to recover investment and loans and repay depositors, thousands of banks went bankrupt and other forced to close. By 1933, over four thousand banks had closed and one lakhs then thousands companies has collapsed.
