CBSE Class 10 History Chapter-3 Nationalism in India – Free PDF Download
Free PDF download of Important Questions with Answers for CBSE Class 10 History Chapter 3 – Nationalism in India prepared by expert History teachers from latest edition of CBSE(NCERT) books only by CoolGyan to score more marks in CBSE board examination.
CBSE Class 10 History Chapter-3 Nationalism in India Important Questions
CBSE Class 10 History Important Questions Chapter 3 – Nationalism in India
5 Mark Questions
1. Read the passage and write down the answers of given questions:
It is said of “passive resistance” that it is the weapon of the weak but the power which is the subject of this article can be used only by the strong. This power is not passive resistance. Indeed it calls for intense activity. The movement in South Africa was not passive but active……..Satyagraha is not physical force. A Satyagrahi does not inflict pain on the adversary; he does not seek his destruction…..in the use of Satyagraha, there is no ill-will whatever.
1. Who is this great man who spoke these words?
2. Name two methods used by him during the struggle for independence?
3. What is Satyagraha?
4. For what purpose the Satyagraha was used by the person named by you in South Africa?
5. What is difference between physical force and soul-force?
Ans. 1. Mahatma Gandhi
2. Satyagraha and Non-Violence
3. It was a non-violence method of mass agitation against the oppressor. The method suggested that if the cause was true, if the struggle was against injustice, there is no need for physical force to fight the oppressor.
4. Against injustice and apartheid system in South Africa,
5. Satyagraha is a soul force whereas arms force is a physical force. Physical force depends upon ill-will while in the use of Satyagraha there is no ill-will.
2. Identify the reasons that why Muslim Political organizations in India were lukewarm in their response to the civil disobedience Movement.
Ans. 1. Some of the Muslim political organizations in India were also lukewarm in their response to the Civil Disobedience Movement.
2. After the decline of the Non- Cooperation–Khilafat movement, a large section of Muslims felt alienated from the congress.
3. From the mid-1920s the congress came to be more visibly associated with openly Hindu religious nationalist group like the Hindu Mahasabha.
4. As relation between Hindus and Muslims worsened, each community organized religious processions with militant fervor, provoking Hindu-Muslim communal clashes and riots in various cities.
5. Every riot deepened the distance between the two communities.
3. Explain the issue behind the Khilafat Movement.
Ans. 1. The First World War had ended with the defeated of Ottoman Turkey.
2. There were rumors that a harsh peace treaty was going to be imposed on the Ottoman emperor –the spiritual head of the Islamic world.
3. To defend the Rowllat Act, Mahatma Gandhi felt, to take the Khilafat issue.
4. To bring the Hindus and Muslims closer, he felt, to take the Khilafat issue.
5. Muslim leaders Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali began discussing with Gandhiji the possibilities of a united mass action on the issue.
6.Later at Calcutta Session in 1920, Gandhiji convinced the leaders in congress, to start a non cooperation movement in support of khilafat.
4.Read the passage and write down the answers of given questions:
On 6 January 1921, the police in United Provinces fired at peasants near Rae Bareli. Jawaharlal Nehru wanted to go to the Place of firing, but was stopped by the police. Agitated and angry, Nehru addressed the peasants who gathered around him. This is how later described the meeting: “they behaved as brave men, clam an unruffled in the face of danger. I do not know how they felt but I know what my feelings were. For a moment my blood was up, non-violence was almost forgotten-but for a moment only. The thought of the great leader, who by God’s goodness has been sent to lead us to victory, came to me, and I saw the kisans seated and standing near me, less excited, more peaceful than I was-and the moment of weakness passed, I spoke to them in all humanity on non-violence-I needed the lesson more than they heeded me and peacefully dispersed.”
Quoted in Sarvapalli Gopal, Jawaharlal Nehru: A Biography, Vol.1.
1. Name the Movement during which the police in the united province fired at the peasants.
2. Name the leader about which Jawaharlal Nehru is talking about.
3. Name the weapons used by the leaders during National Movement for independence.
4. What was Nehru’s feeling and how did he change them?
5. What is source of the above passage?
Ans. 1. Non-Cooperation Khilafat Movement.
2. Mahatma Gandhi.
3. Satyagraha and Non Violence.
4. He was very angry but the thought of Mahatma Gandhi changed his feelings.
5. Quoted in Sarvapalli Gopal, Jawaharlal Nehru: A Biography, Vol.1
5. Why was Gandhiji decided to call off the Rowlett Satyagraha?
Ans. 1. Gandhiji in 1919 decided to launch a nationwide satyagraha against Rowlett Act (1919)
2. On 13 April the famous Jallianwala Bagh incident took place. As the news of Jallianwalla Bagh spread, crowd took to the streets in many north Indian towns.
3 .There were strikes, classes with the police and attacks on government buildings.
4. The government responded with brutal repression, seeking to humiliate and terrorize people.
5. Satyagrahis were forced to rub their noses on the ground, crawl on the streets, and do salute to all sahibs.
6. People were flogged and village around Gujranwala in Punjab now in Pakistan were bombed.
Seeing violence spread, Mahatma Gandhi called of the movement
6. How did the revival of Indians folklore develop the ideas of Nationalism among Indians? Explain.
Ans. 1. Idea of nationalism also developed through a movement to revive Indian folklore.
2. In late nineteenth century India, nationalists began recording folk tales sung by bards and they toured villages to gather folk songs and legends.
3. These tales they believed gave a true picture of traditional culture that had been corrupted and damaged by outside forces.
4. It was essential to preserve this folk tradition in order to discover one’s national identity and restore a sense of pride in one’s past.
5. In Bengal, Rabindernath Tagore himself began collecting ballades, nursery rhymes and myths and the movement for folk revival.
7. “Ideas of nationalism also developed through a movement to revive Indian folklore? Support the statement with suitable examples?
Ans. 1. Ideas of nationalism also developed through a movement a revive India folklore.
2. In the late nineteenth century India, nationalists began recording folk tales sung by bards and they toured villages to gether folk songs and legends.
3. It was essential to preserve this folk tradition in order to discover one’s national identity and restore a sense of pride in one’s past.
4. In Bengal Rabindernath Tagore himself began collecting ballads, nursery rhymes and myths, and led the movement for folk revival.
5. In madras Natesa Shastri published a massive four-volume collection of Tamil folk tales, the Folklore of Southern India.
6.He believed that folklore was national literature; it was most trustworthy manifestation of people’s real thought and characteristics.
8. Can you identify the different limitations of Civil Disobedience Movement?
Ans. 1. Limited participation of Dalits: Dalits participation in the civil Disobedience movement was very limited, particularly in Maharashtra and Nagpur region where their organization was quite strong.
2. No Participation of Muslims: Some of the Muslim political organizations in India were also Lukewarm in their response to the Civil Disobedience Movement. After Non-Cooperation-Khilafat movement Muslims felt alienated from the congress.
3. Dominant role of Sanatanis and Hindu Mahasabha: The role of Sanatanis and Hindu Mahasabha was very dominant. Due to the fear of Sanatanis the conservative high class Hindus, congress ignored the Dalits. Congress was very close to Hindu Mahasbha. Hindus Mahasabha strongly opposed the efforts of compromise between Congress and Muslim League.
4. Clash between BR Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi: In 1930 Dr B R Ambedkar clashed with Mahatma Gandhi at the second round table conference by demanding separate electorate for Dalits.
5. Participants have different aspirations: Participation had their own aspirations. There was a contrast between the demands of industrialist and working class. Contrast was also there in the demand of Rich peasants and poor peasants. United struggle was not there.
9. How the plantation workers of Assam understand Mahatma Gandhiji and the notion of swaraj?
Ans. Workers too had their own understanding of Mahatma Gandhi and the notion of swaraj. For plantation workers in Assam, freedom meant the right to move freely in and out of the confined space in which they were enclosed, and it meant retaining a link with the village from which they had come. Under the Inland Emigration Act of 1859, plantation workers were not permitted to leave the tea gardens without permission, and in fact they were rarely given such permission. When they heard of the Non-Cooperation Movement, thousands of workers defied the authorities, left the plantations and headed home. They believed the Gandhi Raj was coming and everyone would be given land in their own villages. They, however, never reached their destination. Stranded on the way by a railway and steamer strike, they were caught by the police and brutally beaten up.
10. Explain the contribution of Gandhiji to uplift the position of Untouchables in the society?
Ans. 1. Gandhiji declared that swaraj would not come for a hundred years if untouchability was not eliminated.
2. He called the untouchables Harijans children of God,
3. He organized satyagraha to secure them entry into temples and to assess to public wells, tanks, roads and schools,
4. He himself cleaned toilets to dignify the work of Bhangi (the Sweepers).
5. He persuaded the upper castes to change their heart and give up the sin of untouchability.
