CBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter-6 Manufacturing Industries – Free PDF Download
Free PDF download of Important Questions with Answers for CBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter 6 – Manufacturing Industries prepared by expert Geography teachers from latest edition of CBSE(NCERT) books only by CoolGyan to score more marks in CBSE board examination.
CBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter-6 Manufacturing Industries Important Questions
CBSE Class 10 Geography Important Questions Chapter 6 – Manufacturing Industries
3 Mark Questions
1. Which factors are responsible for the decentralization of cotton textile mills in India?
Ans. (i) Cotton textile have a very high demand throughout the country.
(ii) Major inputs like banking, electricity, transportation are available in almost every part of the country.
(iii) Textile industry is labour intensive industry and labour is easily available in India.
(iv) Textile industry requires less technological inputs and can be carried out using simple tools andmachines.
2. Cotton textile industry has close links with agriculture. Explain.
Ans. (i) The industry has close links with agriculture and provides a living to farmers, cotton bull pluckers and workers engaged in ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing, designing, packaging, tailoring and sewing.
(ii) Agriculture provides raw material to the industry i.e. raw cotton.
3. What are the major problems of cotton textile industry?
Ans. : (i) Lack of good quality long staple cotton (ii) Erratic power supply
(iii) Out dated machinery and technology (iv) Low output of workers (v) Stiff international competition.
4. What were the major objectives of National Jute Policy 2005? Why is the internal demand for juteincreasing?
Ans. (i) To increase the productivity (ii) To improve the quality
(iii) Ensuring good prices to the jute farmers (iv) Enhancing the yield per hectare
The internal demand for jute has been on the increase because –
(i) Government policy of mandatory use of jute packaging
(ii) The growing global concern for environment friendly biodegradable materials.
5. India is an important iron and steel producing country in the world yet , we are not able to perform to our full potential. Give any four reasons.
Ans. (i) High Costs and Limited availability of coking coal.
(ii) Lower productivity of labour (iii) Shortage of power (iv) Poor infrastructure.
(v) Low Investment in Research and Development.
6. Why is iron and steel industry called a basic industry?
Ans. Iron and steel industry is called the basic industry because:
(i) It is the industry which lays the foundation of rapid development of other industries such as heavy Engineering, defence equipment, automobiles, aeroplanes etc.
(ii) It is also helpful in providing employment.
(iii) It also helps in the development of agriculture.
7. What is importance of the manufacturing industries?
Ans. 1. Employment generation: Manufacturing industry is the main source of employment for large number of skilled as well as unskilled workers.
2. Foreign exchange: Export of manufactured goods bring foreign exchange to India.
3. Reduction of pressure on land: Manufacturing industry produces products of daily needs and helps the common people to fulfill their basic needs. It reduces pressure on agricultural sector for employment.
4. Removal of economic problems: Industrial development is a precondition for the removal ofeconomic problems like poverty, unemployment and economic inequality. It also helps in bringing down regional disparities by establishing industries in tribal and backward areas.
8. What is the importance of Jute Industry?
Ans. : 1. Employment- The jute industry supports 2 61 Lakh workers directly another 40 lakh small and marginal farmers who are engaged in cultivation of jute and Mesta.
2. Products: Jute industry provides products of daily use like jute bags, ropes, mats etc.
3. Foreign Exchange: Exports of raw jute and manufactured goods bring foreign exchange
4. Promotion of Small Scale Industry: Many products of the jute industry are manufactured by cottage and small scale industry. So it promotes decentralization of industry.
9. The sugar industry is now shifting from north to south. Mention main reasons.
Ans. North India is regarded as the main centre of the sugar industry and Uttar Pradesh is the leading producer.
Over the time the sugar industry is shifting towards south India. The main reasons behind shifting of the sugar industry towards south India are:
(i) The sugar contents in the cane is higher i.e. 10.5% in Maharashtra and other southern states.
(ii) Climate is suitable for the cultivation of sugarcane.
(iii) South has better export facilities as compared to North.
(iv) Cooperative sugar mills are more successful in management in south India.
(v) The Peninsular climate helps to extend the crushing season by two months in the south India than north India.
10. How would you classify industries on the bases of their main role?
Ans. Industries can be classified under the following categories on the basis of their main role:
1. Basic and Key Industries: Basic and key industries which supply their products or raw materials to manufacture other products. Example: Iron and steel industry, copper smelting and aluminum smelting.
2. Consumer Industries: Consumer Industries that produce goods for direct use by consumers. Example: Sugar, Toothpaste, paper, sewing machines and fans etc.
11. What are the impacts of mining on the health of the miners and the environment?
Ans. 1. Mining causes air pollution. The dust and noxious fumes inhaled by miners make them vulnerable to pulmonary diseases.
2. The risk of collapsing mine roofs, inundation and fires in coalmines are a constant threat to miners.
3. The water sources in the region get contaminated due to mining. Dumping of waste and slurry leads to degradation of land, soil, and increase in stream and river pollution.
12. Why has there been a decline in the Jute Industry? Give three reasons.
Ans. 1. Because of high cost Jute products the demand has greatly declined.
2. The invention of synthetic as a substitute for jute has greatly led to the decline of the jute industry.
3. International competition especially from Bangladesh has also led to decline of the Jute industry.
13. Can you write brief outline about the position of Indian cotton industry at international level?
Ans. 1. India has the second largest installed capacity of spindles in the world, next to china at around 34 million.
2. We have a large share in the world trade of cotton yarn, accounting for one fourth of total trade.
3. Our trade in garments is only 4% of the world’s total.
4. Our spinning mills are competitive at global level and capable of using all the fiber products.
14. How would you classify industries on the bases of raw materials used?
Ans. 1. Agro based industries: Industries which get its raw material from agriculture are known as Agro based industries. Cotton, woolen, jute, silk textile, rubber and sugar, tea, coffee and edible oil are examples of agro based industries.
2.Mineral based Industries: Industries which are dependent on minerals for their industrial use are known as mineral based industries. Iron and steel industries, cement industries, aluminium, machine tools, petrochemicals are examples of Mineral based industries.
15. A. Two features A and B are marked in the given political map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked on the map.
1. Silk Textile centre
2. Iron and steel Plant
B. Locate and Label Coimbatore cotton textile centre with appropriate symbols on the same map given for identification.
Ans. 
16. Highlights the features of National jute policy of India.
Ans. 1. National Jute Policy of India was formed in the year 2005 by the central Government of India.
2. Government made a policy to mandatory use of Jute packaging.
3. According to policy the production of the Ute will be increased.
4. Quality of Jute products will also be improved.
5. Ensuring good prices to the jute farmers and enhancing the yield per hectare.
17. What is the precondition for the eradication of unemployment and poverty of our country?
Ans. 1. Industrial development is a precondition for the eradication of unemployment and poverty of our country.
2. This was the main philosophy behind public sector industries and joint sector ventures in India.
3. It was also aimed at bringing down regional disparities by establishing industries in rural areas.
18. Why is it important for our country to keep the mill sector loom age lower than the power loom and handloom?
Ans. There are several thousand factories which have five to ten looms. 90 percent of the cotton cloth is produced in decentralized sector other than mills. It provide employment to thousands weavers all over the country. Cotton and other related facilities are available everywhere in the country. So to save the small scale and cottage cotton industry it is necessary to keep the mill sector loom age lower than power loom and handloom. It is necessary for the survival for the thousand weavers of our country. It gives them employment and earning.
19. Why is it important for India to improve weaving sector instead of exporting yarn in large quantities?
Ans. The weaving, knitting and processing units cannot use much high quality yarn that is produced in the country. There are some large and modern factories in these segments, but most of the production is in fragmented small units, which cater to local market. This mismatch is a major drawback for the industry. As a result, many of our spinners export cotton yarn while apparel/garment manufactures have to import fabric. Our high quality yarn is used by other countries. It is important to improve weaving sector because it is decentralized to provide scope for incorporating traditional skills. That’s why weaving sector should be improved so that it may use high quality yarn produced in the country.
20. Why has there been a decline in the jute Industry? Give reasons.
Ans. From last few years there has been a decline in the Jute industry. It has to face the following challenges:
- The invention synthetic as a substitute for jute has greatly led to the decline of the jute industry.
- Because of high cost, demand of jute has greatly declined.
International competition especially from Bangladesh has also led to the decline of the jute industry.
21.A. Two features A and B are marked in the given political map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked on the map.
1. Iron and Steel Plant
2. Iron and steel Plant
B. Locate and Label Kanpur woolen textile with appropriate symbols on the same map given for identification.
Ans.
22.What are the three problems being faced by the Indian cotton industry?
Ans. 1. We had made a significant increase in the production of good quality ling staple cotton; the need to imports is still felt.
2. Power supply is erratic and machinery needs to be upgraded in the weaving and processing sectors in particular.
3. Other problems are the low output of labour and stiff competition with the synthetic fiber industry.
23. Which factors are responsible for shifting of sugar mills to southern and western states?
Ans. Recently sugar mills have migrated to the southern and western states of India especially Maharashtra. The reasons for the shift are-
1. The cooler climate in those states which lengthens the crushing season.
2. Increase in the sucrose contents of the cane.
3. Another factor is the success of co-operatives of these western and southern states of India.
24. Why does the north eastern part of the peninsular plateau region have the maximum concentration of iron and steel industries?
Ans. 1. Due to the area is rich in raw material.
2. Transport facilities are available.
3. Port facilities are available close to this are.
4. Labour from Bihar and UP states is also available.
25. Write any important characteristics of Indian Engineering Industry.
Ans. 1. Before independence there was no engineering industry worth the name , so we were quite deficient is all sorts of machinery.
2. But after independence the whole situation has changed. We now manufacture engineering machinery for textile, sugar, paper, cement, mining and petro-chemical plants.
3. The heavy engineering plant at Ranchi has been designing and fabricating huge machines for our steel plants.
4. A large variety of engineering goods are being produced now not only for domestic use but also for international market.
26. Write some facts about the Indian fertilizer industry.
Ans. Following are the facts of the Indian fertilizer industry:
1. Nitrogenous fertilizers-especially urea. India is the third largest producer of nitrogenous fertilizers.
2. Phosphoric fertilizers and ammonium phosphate (DAP).
3. Complex fertilizers-this has a combination of nitrogen, phosphate and potash. India has no reserves of potash or potassium compounds which can be commercially utilized.
27. A. Two features A and B are marked in the given political map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked on the map.
1. Iron and steel Plant
2. Iron and steel Plant
B. Locate and Label Ludhiana cotton textile with appropriate symbols on the same map given for identification.
Ans.
28. Write some facts of the Indian Chemical industry.
Ans. Following are the facts
1. 24.45% of the total export (chemical and allied products).
2. Contributes approximately 3 percent of the GDP.
3. 10%-12% growth per annum.
4. 2% of global chemical industry.
5. Third largest in Asia in terms of size.
6. 12nd place in the world in terms of size.
7. 2nd largest producer of agrochemical in Asia.
8. 29.39 percent of imports comprises of inorganic chemicals.
29. Explain the role of NTPC in paving the way to control environment degradation.
Ans. 1. Maximum use of latest and efficient equipments and adoption of techniques which encourage sustainable development.
2. Use of ash, pond management ash water recycling system and liquid waste management. These techniques reduce environment pollution.
3. Maximum ash utilization which minimize the generation of waste.
4. Nurturing of ecological balance by maintain green belts and aforestation.
30. Mention the factors responsible for location of cotton textile industry in Maharashtra-Gujarat region in early years?
Ans. In the initial phase cotton textile industry was concentrated in Maharashtra and Gujarat in and around the cotton growing belt. The factors responsible for localization of cotton textile industry in these regions mainly around Mumbai and Ahmadabad were availability of raw cotton, market for finished products, developed transport network, port facilities, cheap labour, moist climate and capital.
31. How would you classify industry on the bases of ownership?
Ans. 1. Public sector: Owned and operated by government agencies, e.g., BHEL, SAIL.
2. Private Sector: Owned and operated by individuals or a group of individuals, e.g., Bajaj Auto Ltd., Dabur Industries, TISCO
3. Joint Sector: Run jointly by the Government and Individual or group of individuals, e.g. Oil India Ltd. (OIL)
4. Cooperative Sector: Owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw material, workers or both. Resources are pooled and profits and losses are shared, e.g. Amul India, coir industries in Kerala, Sugar industries in Maharashtra.
32. “The textile industry of India is self reliant and complete in Value” Explain the contribution of textile industry to the Indian economy.
Ans. 1. Textile industry contributes almost 14% to industrial production.
2. It generates employment for almost 35 million people directly.
3. It also contributes 24.6 percent of the foreign exchange earnings.
4. Its contribution toward GDP is 4 percent.
33.A. Two features A and B are marked in the given political map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked on the map.
1. Software Technology park
2. Electronic capital of India
B. Locate and Label Software technology park of Kerala with appropriate symbols on the same map given for identification
Ans.
34. Briefly describe any four measures of controlling industrial pollution.
Ans. 1. Air pollution: This is caused due to presence of high proportion of gases which are undesirable, e.g., Sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide.
2. Water pollution: Water pollution is caused by organic and inorganic industrial waste and effluents discharged in to rivers.
3. Noise pollution: Not only results irritation and anger, it can also cause hearing impairment, increased heart rate and blood pressure among other psychological effects.
4. Thermal pollution: Thermal Pollution of water occurs when hot water from factories and thermal plants is drained in to river and ponds before cooling.
35. How can the industrial pollution of fresh water be reduced? Give some suggestions.
Ans. 1. Minimizing use of water for processing by reusing and recycling it in two or more successive stages.
2. Harvesting of rainwater to meet water requirements.
3. Treating hot water and effluents before releasing them in rivers and ponds. Treatment of industrial effluents can be done in three phases.
36. Study the given table carefully and answer the following questions: Gg10
A. Name the sector which has the highest share in the production of fabric in India?
B.Why it is important for our country the mill sector loomage lower than power loom and hand loom?
Ans. A. Power loom
B. (a) Because the power loom and the hand loom can provide more employment to the rural people. (b) Both of them promote decentralization and benefit a wider area of the country. (c) Both of them require less investment as compared to mill-sector loomage.
37. Explain any three factors responsible for the concentration of Jute Industry in the Hugli basin?
Ans. 1. The fertile Ganga Brahmaputra delta grows about 90% 0f India‘s Jute and provide raw material to jute mills. Most of the mills are within a distance of 64 km from Kolkata along the Hugli River.
2. Cheap water transportation is provided by the Hugli river water.
3. There is a narrow belt of jute mills which is 100 km long and 3 km wide along the banks of Hugli River.
38. Bring out the importance of information Technology and Electronic in India?
Ans. 1. Electronic industry produces a wide range of goods like televisions, telephone, radars, computers etc.
2. It has provided employment to more than one million people. This number is expected to increase eight-fold in the next 3 to four years.
3. It has contributed to a lot of foreign exchange in the last few years.
4. Bangalore has emerged as the electronic capital of India.
5. 18 software technology parks provide single window service and high data communication facility to software experts.
39. A. Two features A and B are marked in the given political map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked on the map.
1. Software technology park
2. Iron and steel Plant
B. Locate and Label Ahmadabad cotton textile Centre with appropriate symbols on the same map given for identification
Ans.
