CBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter-5 Minerals and Energy Resources – Free PDF Download
Free PDF download of Important Questions with Answers for CBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 – Minerals and Energy Resources prepared by expert Geography teachers from latest edition of CBSE(NCERT) books only by CoolGyan to score more marks in CBSE board examination.
CBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter-5 Minerals and Energy Resources Important Questions
CBSE Class 10 Geography Important Questions Chapter 5 – Minerals and Energy Resources
5 Mark Questions
1. What are Non-Conventional Sources of Energy? Why do they have a bright future in India.
Ans. Resources which we can use again and again and which are renewable in nature are non-conventional resources of energy. Due to the following reasons they have bright future in India.
Resources which we can use again and again and which are renewable in nature are non-conventional resources of energy. Due to the following reasons they have bright future in India.
A. India is blessed with an abundance of sunlight, water, wind and bio mass.
B. India is tropical country. It has enormous possibilities of tapping solar energy.
C. India now ranks a wind super power in the world. States like Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat, Kerala, Maharashtra, and Lakshadweep have important wind farms
D. In India the Gulf of Kichchh, provides ideal conditions for utilizing tidal energy.
E. There are several hundred hot spot springs in India, which could be uded to generate Geo Thermal Energy.
2. Write a short note on Bauxite, its formation, features and distribution in India.
Ans. Bauxite is a clay-like substance from which alumina and later aluminium is obtained. Aluminium is an important metal because it combines the strength of metals such as iron, with extreme lightness and also with good conductivity and great malleable ability.
Formation: Bauxite deposits are formed by the decomposition of a wide variety of rocks rich in aluminium silicates.
Distribution:
A. It is found in the Amarkantak Plateau, Maikal Hills and the plateau region of Bilaspur-Katni.
B. Odisha is the largest bauxite producing state in India.
C. Panchpatmali deposits in Koraput District are the most important bauxite deposits in the state.
D. 45% of the country’s total production in 2000-01 was in Odisha.
3. Why there is a need of conservation of minerals?
Ans. A. The total Volume of workable mineral deposits in an insignificant fraction i.e. one percent of the earth’s crust.
B. We are rapidly consuming mineral resources that required millions of years to be created and concentrated.
C. The geological processes of mineral formation are so slow that the rates of replenishment are infinitely small in comparison to the present rates of consumption.
D. Mineral resources are finite and non renewable.
E. Mining of minerals causes great threat to the environment and health of the human beings.Due to the above discussed reasons it is necessary to conserve the minerals and use them in a judicious way.
4. How would you classify the types of coal depending on the degrees of compression?
Ans. Following are the types of coal on the degree of compression:
A. Peat: Decaying plants in swamps produced peat, which has a low carbon and high moisture contents. It has very heating capacity.
B. Lignite: Lignite is a low grade brown coal, which is soft with high moisture content. The principal lignite reserves are in Neyveli in Tamil Nadu and used for generation of electricity.
C. Bituminous: Coal that has been buried deep and subjected to increased temperature is bituminous coal. It is the most popular coal in commercial use. Metallurgical coal is high grade bituminous coal which has a special value foe smelting iron in blast furnace.
D. Anthracite: It is highest quality hard coal.
5. Name the non metallic mineral, which can be easily splits into thin sheets. What are the properties of this mineral and it is found in which areas?
Ans. Mica is the mineral made up of a series of plates or leaves. It splits easily into thin sheets.
Properties:
A. Mica sheets can be so thin that a thousand can be layered in to mica sheet of a few centimeters high.
B. Mica can be clear, black, green, red, yellow or brown, Due to its excellent di-electric strength, low power loss factor, insulating properties and resistance to high voltage, mica is one of the most indispensable minerals used in electric and electronic industries.
Mica producing areas:
A. Mica is found in the northern edge of the Chota Nagpur Plateau. Koderma Gaya- Hazaribhag belt of Jharkhand is the leading producers.
B. In Rajasthan the major mica producing area is around Ajmer.
C. Nellore mica belt of Andhra Pradesh is also an important producer in the country.
6. Explain the different forms of occurrence of minerals.
Ans. A. Occurrence of Minerals in Igneous and Metamorphic rocks: In igneous and metamorphic rocks minerals may occur in cracks, crevices, faults and joints. The smaller occurrence is called veins and the larger are called lodes. Major metallic minerals like tin, copper, zinc and lead etc are obtained from veins and lodes.
B. Occurrence of minerals in sedimentary rocks: In sedimentary rocks a number of minerals occur in beds and layers. They have been formed as a result of deposition, accumulation and concentration in horizontal strata. Coal and some forms of iron ore have been concentrated as a result of long periods.
C. Occurrence of minerals through Decomposition of surface rocks: Another mode of formation involves the decomposition of surface rocks, and the removal of soluble constituents, leaving a residual mass of weathered material containing ores. Bauxite is formed this way.
D. Alluvial deposits: Certain minerals may occur as alluvial deposits in sands of valley floors and the base of hills. These deposits are called placer deposits.
E. Minerals in ocean water and ocean beds: The ocean water contains vast quantities of minerals. Common salt, magnesium and bromine are largely derived from ocean water. The ocean beds too are rich in manganese nodules
7. Distinguish between conventional and non conventional sources of energy.
Ans.
| Conventional | Non- Conventional |
| 1. Conventional sources of energy are non renewable sources of energy. | 1. Non conventional sources of energy are renewable sources of energy. |
| 2. These sources get depleted with its use. | 2. These resources can be used again and again. |
| 3. These are traditional sources of energy. | 3. These are recently developed sources of energy. |
| 4. These causes large scale pollution. | 4. These are environment friendly resources. |
| 5. For example : Coal, petroleum, diesel, etc. | 5. For example: Solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy etc. |
8. Explain any five types of non conventional sources of energy developed in India.
Ans. A. Solar energy: India is a tropical country. It has enormous possibilities of tapping solar energy. Photovoltaic technology converts sunlight directly into electricity. Solar energy is fast becoming popular in rural and remote areas. The largest solar plant of India is located at Madhapur, near Bhuj, where solar energy is used to sterilize milk cans.
B. Wind power: India now ranks as a wind super power in the world. The largest wind farm cluster is located in Tamil Nadu from Nagarcoil to Madurai.
C. Bio Gas: Shrubs, farm waste, animal and human waste are used to produce bio gas for domestic purpose in rural area. Decomposition of organic matter yields gas, which has higher thermal efficiency in comparison to kerosene, dung cake and charcoal.
D. Tidal energy: Oceanic tides can be used to generate electricity. Floodgate dams are built across inlet. During high tide water flows into the inlet and gets trapped when the gate is closed. From that stored water electricity is generated.
E. Geo thermal Energy: Geothermal energy refers to the heat and electricity produced by using the heat from the interior of the earth
9. Describe the importance of minerals in human life.
Ans. A. Minerals are indispensable part of our life. Almost everything we use, from a tiny pin towering building or a big ship, all are made from minerals.
B. The railway lines and the tarmac of the roads, our implements and machinery too are made from minerals.
C. Cars buses, trains, aero plans are manufactured form minerals and run on power resources derived from the earth.
D. In all stages of development, human beings have used minerals for their livelihood, decoration, festivities, religious and ceremonial rites.
E. Availability of the minerals helps in the economic development of the country.
F. Our food too contains minerals.
10. Can you explain the different types of iron ores?
Ans. Following are the different types of Iron ores:
A. Magnetite: it is the finest iron ore with a very high content of iron up to 70 percent. It is excellent magnetic qualities, especially valuable in the electrical industry.
B. Hematite: Hematite is the most important industrial iron ore in terms of the quantity used, but has slightly lower iron content than magnetite. (50-60 percent).
C. Limonite: It has iron content of about 40-60 percent.
D. Siderite: It has content of iron between 40-50 percent.