CBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter-1 Resources and Development – Free PDF Download
Free PDF download of Important Questions with Answers for CBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 -Resources and Development prepared by expert Geography teachers from latest edition of CBSE(NCERT) books only by CoolGyan to score more marks in CBSE board examination.
CBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter-1 Resources and Development Important Questions
CBSE Class 10 Geography Important Questions Chapter 1 – Resources and Development
5 Mark Questions
1. Classify resources on the basis of ownership with example.
Ans. a. Individual resources: These are owned privately by individuals. Many farmers own land which allotted to them by government against the payment of revenue. People own plots, houses and other property.
b. Community owned Resources: There are resources which are accessible to all the members of the community. Village commons, public parks, burial ground, playgrounds in urban areas are de facto accessible to all the people living there.
c. National resources: All the resources belong to the nation. The country has legal power to acquire even private property for public good. We have seen roads, canals, railways being constructed on fields owned by some individuals. Urban Development Authorities get empowered by the government to acquire land.
d. International Resources: There are international institutions which regulate some resources. The oceanic resources beyond 200 km of the exclusive Economic Zone belong to open ocean and no individual country can utilize these without the concurrence of international institutions.
2. Classify resources on the basis of state of development with example.
Ans. a. Potential Resources: Resources which are found in a region, but have not been utilized due to the lack of capital. For example, the western parts of India particularly Rajasthan and Gujarat have enormous potential for the development of wind and solar energy, but so far these have not been developed properly.
b. Developed resources: Resources which are surveyed and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilization. The development of resources depends on technology and level of their feasibility.
c. Stock: material in the environment which have the potential to satisfy human needs but human being do not have the appropriate technology to access these, are included among stock. For example water is a compound of two inflammable gases: Hydrogen and oxygen, which can be used as a rich source of energy. But we do not have the required technology to use them for this purpose. Hence it can be considered as stock.
d. Reserves: Reserves are the subset of stock, which can be put into use with the help of existing technology but their use has not been started. These can be used for meeting future requirements.
3. Why is resource planning important in the context of a country like India?
Ans. a. India has enormous diversity in the availability of recourses.
b. There are regions which are rich in certain types of resources but are deficient in some other resources.
c. There are some regions which can be considered self sufficient in terms of availability of resources and there are some regions which have acute shortage of some vital resources.
d. For example the states of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh are rich in Minerals and coal deposits. Arunachal Pradesh abundance of water resources but lake of infrastructural development.
e. The state of Rajasthan is very well endowed with solar and wind energy but lacks in water resources.
f. The cold desert of Ladhakh is entirely isolated from the rest of the country.
4. How has technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources?
Ans. a. Human beings interacted with nature through technological and create institutions to accelerate their economic development.
b. As more technological development occurs there is increased need for inputs and utilization of resources.
c. Technical and technological development is closely linked to economic development.
d. For example more factories providing employment to more people are a necessity. For the factory land and labour is used. For this mining of minerals and metals increases.
5. Explain the land use pattern in India?
Ans. a. The net sown area in India has decreased from 45.26% to 43.41%. This means that more and more agricultural land is being shifted to other activities.
b. The pattern of the net sown area varies gently from one state to another. In Punjab and Haryana the net sown area is 80% of the total area but Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur and Andaman and Nicobar Islands, it is less than 10% of the total area.
c. The area under forests has been increased from 18.11% in 1960-61 to 22.57% in 2000-2003 and to 23% in 2005-06 yet it is far below than the scientific norms.
d. The land under permanent pastures is very low, i.e., only 3.45%.
e. Area under fallow land has also decreased which shows, that subsistence agriculture is being replaced by commercial agriculture.
6. Explain any five proper farming techniques which can be used for sol conservation.
Ans. a. Strip Cropping: To counter the effect of wind the practice of strip cropping is followed to stop wind erosion. Large fields are divided in strips. Grass in strips is left to grow between the crops.
b. Contour Ploughing: Ploughing along the contour lines does not let water run down the slopes. This technique involved ploughing along contours, so that the furrows follow lines linking points of the same height. Such furrows halt the downward flow of water and reduce erosion.
c. Terrace Farming: Since ancient times farmers have built terraces or steps up a hillside creating several levels of farms. Hill slopes are cut into a number of terraces having horizontal top and steep slopes on the back and front.
d. Crop rotation: If the same crop is sown in the same field, year after year, this consumes particular nutrients from the soil making it infertile. Crop rotation can check the type of erosion.
e. Shelter Belts: Planting trees to create shelter also works in a similar way. Rows of such trees are called shelter belts. These shelter belts have contributed significantly to the stabilization of sand dunes and in establishing the desert in western India.
7. How is red soil formed? Mention its features.
Ans. a. Formation: most of the red soils have come into existence due to weathering of ancient crystalline igneous rocks.
b. Soils are loamy in deep depressions and in upload. They consist of loose gravels and highly coarse materials.
c. These soils develop a reddish colour due to diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks.
d. It looks yellow when it occurs in a hydrated form.
e. This soil is found in the areas of low rainfall in the eastern and southern parts of the Deccan plateau.
8. Which is most widely spread and important soil of India? State the characteristics of this type of soil?
Ans. Alluvial soil is most widely spread and important soil of India. In fact the entire northern plains are made of alluvial soils.
a. These soils have been deposited by three important Himalayan river systems-the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra.
b. The alluvial soil consists of various proportions of sand, silt and clay.
c. According to their age alluvial soil can be classified as old alluvial and new alluvial.
d. Alluvial soils as a whole are very fertile. Mostly these soils contain adequate proportion of potash, phosphoric acid and lime which are ideal for the growth of sugarcane, paddy, wheat and other cereal and pulse crops.
e. Due to its high fertility, region of alluvial soils are intensively cultivated and densely populated.
9. Which type of soil is ideal for growth of cotton? What are the main characteristics of this type of soil? Name some areas where they found.
Ans. Black soil is ideal for the growth of cotton soil. Following are its characteristics:
a. Black soils are also known as ‘regur’ soil or black cotton soils.
b. Such a soil is ideal for growing cotton and hence the name.
c. They have extremely good moisture retention capacity but become sticky when wet.
d. These soils are difficult work upon unless tilled during pre-monsoon periods or just after the first shower.
e. Black soils are rich in soil nutrients such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime but poor in phosphoric contents.
f. This soil is found in Deccan trap areas. This includes Maharashtra, Western Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Chhattisgarh, some parts of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
10. What is soil? Analyze the four main factors which help in the formation of soil.
Ans. Soil: Soil is the most important renewable natural resource. It is the medium of plant growth and supports different types of living organisms on the earth. The soil is a living system. It takes million of years to form soil up to a few cm in depth.
a. Relief, parent rock or bed rock, climate, vegetation and other forms of life and time are important factors in the formation of soil.
b. Various forces of nature such as change in temperature, actions of running water, wind and glaciers, activities of decomposition etc, contribute to the formation of soil.
c. Chemical and organic changes which take place in the soil are equally important.
d. Soils also consist of organic (humus) or inorganic materials.
