A. Answer the following questions in short:
1. What are the advantages of using CNG and LPG as fuels?
2. Name the petroleum product used for surfacing of roads.
3. Describe how coal is formed from dead vegetation. What is this process called?
4. Explain why fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resources.
5. Describe characteristics and uses of coke.
6. Explain the process of formation of petroleum.
7. Are natural resources living, non-living or both?
8. What are fossil fuels?
9. What is the main purpose of petroleum refining?
10. Can coal, petroleum and natural gas be prepared in the laboratory from dead organisms?
11. We read in newspapers that burning of fuels is a major cause of global warming. Explain why?
B. Fill in the blanks:
1. Fossil fuels are ………………, ……………… and ……………. .
2. Process of separation of different constituents from petroleum is called ………………. .
3. Least polluting fuel for vehicle is ……………….. .
4. Petroleum and natural gas were formed from dead ……………… .
C. State True or False:
1. Fossil fuels can be made in the laboratory. ……………………
2. CNG is more polluting fuel than petrol. ………………….
3. Coke is almost pure form of carbon. …………………
4. Coal tar is a mixture of various substances. ………………..
D. Tick (œ“) the correct option:
1. It is an important fraction of petroleum. It is further distilled to get lubricating oil and paraffin wax.
(a) Petroleum gas
(b) Heavy oil
(c) Anthracite
(d) Residue
2. Coal mainly contains:
(a) carbon
(b) carbon and hydrogen
(c) carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen
(d) carbon, nitrogen and oxygen
3. Which of the following is regarded as the best variety of coal?
(a) Bituminous
(b) Lignite
(c) Anthracite
(d) Peat
4. Which of the following is a non-polluting fuel for vehicles?
(a) Petrol
(b) Diesel
(c) Kerosene
(d) CNG
5. Which of these is not a natural source of energy?
(a) Coal
(b) Petroleum
(c) Electricity
(d) Sun
6. Fossil fuels are:
(a) renewable but exhaustible
(b) renewable and inexhaustible
(c) non-renewable but can be recycled
(d) non-renewable and cannot be recycled
E. Match the following:
| ‘A’ | ‘B’ |
| 1. Sunlight, air | a. Exhaustible natural resources |
| 2. Coal, petroleum | b. Inexhaustible natural resources |
| 3. A black, thick liquid | c. Coal tar |
| 4. A tough, porous and black substance | d. Coke |
F. The following table shows the total power shortage in India from 1991-1997. Show the data in the form of a graph. Plot shortage percentage for the years on the Y-axis and the year on the X-axis:
G. Find out the location of major thermal power plants in India. What could be the reasons for their being located at those places?
H. Make a list of various materials used by us in daily life and classify them as natural and man-made:
