CBSE Class 12 Geography Chapter 14 Human Settlements Important Questions – Free PDF Download
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CBSE Class 12 Geography Important Questions
Chapter 14 Human Settlements
Ch-14 Human Settlements
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q-1 What is the basic unit of residence?
Ans- The basic unit of residence is a house.
Q-2 What is a mega city?
Ans- The city having population over 5 million is called mega city.
Q-3 Which area is known as Ruhr basing India?
Ans – The region covering southern west Bengal , adjoin Jharkhand and northern Orissa is known as Ruhr basin of India .
Q.4 What are the statuary towns?
Ans- All places which have municipal corporation, cantonment board or a notified town area committee are called statuary town .
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q.5 What is meant by settlement?
Ans. Settlement: Settlement means cluster of dwellings of any type or size where humans live. However in geography settlement is also considered as a process of coming together to live in an area or locality. This process of phenomenon is also called occupancies.
Q.6 The house in its design of internal plan reflects the social and cultural values of our people. Elaborate with the help of suitable example.
Ans. The house is the basic unit of residence of design and layout. The internal structures of the houses is according to the life style and economic house types and their building material, show regional distinction and local influences.
i) the distinguished features of the Indian houses is the courtyard(Angan). It is used for the family performance.
(ii) In the southern India, a house has more than one courtyards. This has the influence of their temples.
(iii) In the fishing villages of Kerala, the courtyard is often open ended.
(iv) In the cold and wet highlands, on over hanging verandah is found.
Q.7 What are squatter settlements and slums? Describe three main characteristics of squatter settlements?
Ans. Squatter settlements: it is a residential area in an urban locality inhabited by the very poor who have no access to tenured land of their own and hence squat on vacant land either private or public.
Characteristics:
(i) These are dense proliferation of small makeshift shelter built from diverse material.
(ii) Their status is non – legalm they lack land ownership.
(iii) They are known by several local names such as Ramchos in Venezuela. Favelas in Brazil.Slums: Slums are residential areas that are physically and socially deteriorated and in which satisfactory family life is impossible.
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q.8 Distinguish between Rural and Urban settlements.
Ans. Rural and Urban Settlements:
| Rural Settlements | Urban Settlements |
| (a) Rural settlements are small in size population resides in villages. There can be settlements of single family called homestead. | (a) Urban settlements are large in size Population resides in city areas. Which gives a compact look. |
| (b) Rural settlements so not have adequate facilities of good living. modern amenities are almost absent. | (b) Urban settlements have sufficient modern facilities like electricity. Water, health, education, transport etc. |
| (c) The rural settlements derive their life support or basic economic needs from land based primary economic activities. | (c) Urban settlements depend on processing of raw materials and manufacturing of finished goods on the one hand and variety of services on the other. |
| (d) Villages provide food, milk and raw materials to the city people in exchange of goods and services received from city dewellers. | (d) Cities provide goods and services not only for themselves but also for the people of rural country side. |
| (e) Rural settlements depend on land to carry out their primary economic activities. | (e) Urban settlements carryout manufacturing activities and tertiary activities for their living |
| (f) Rural people are less mobile and therefore social relations among them are intimate. They employ simple techniques to perform their activities and their pace of life is slow. | (f) Urban settlements differ from rural settlements is their way of life, attitude and outlook. In urbanareas, way of life is complex and fast a nd social relations are formed as institutionalized. |
Q.9 Distinguish between Hemleted and dispersed settlement.
Ans. Hemleted Settlements and Dispersed Settlements:
| Hemleted Settlements | Dispersed Settlements |
| (a) Hemleted settlements is the result of fragmentation of a large village. Theses units are locally called para, palli, nagla, dhani etc. but they still bear a common name that of the village from which they have separated. | (a) Dispersed settlement pattern in India appears in the form of isolate huts or hamlets of a few huts in remote jungles or on small hills with forms or pastures on the nearly slope. |
| (b) This degradation of a large village is often motivated by social and ethnic factors. | (b) Extreme dispersion of settlement is after caused by extremely fragmental nature of the land resource base of habitable areas. |
| (c) Such village are more frequent in middle and lower Ganga plains, Chhittisgarh and lower valleys of the Himalayas. | (c) These type of settlements are found in many areas of Meghalaya. Uttaranchal and Himachal Pradesh. |
Q.10 Classify towns on the basis of their functions. Illustrate with examples.
Ans. On the basis of functions, towns are classified into the following categories:
1. Administrative Towns
2. Defense Towns
3. Cultural Centres
(a) Educational Centres
(b) Religious Centres
(c) Entertainment Centres
4. Collection Centres
(a) Mining Towns
(b) Fishing Ports
(c) Lumbering Towns
5. Production Centres
6. Transfer and Distribution Centres
(i) Market Towns
(ii) Port
(iii) Financial Towns
7. Resorts
8. Residential Towns
